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DEFENSE DATA COMMUNICATIONS
1982-03-31
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
Page
#
DEFENSE DATA COMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEMS DIVISION
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
P̲R̲E̲F̲A̲C̲E̲
This is your copy of "Defense Data Communications."
The publication's aim is to discuss concepts of modern
Defense Data Communications and present a number of
product realizations and programs of the Systems Division
of Christian Rovsing A/S.
Christian Rovsing A/S have been active within data
communication since their founding in 1963. The specialized
field of Defense Data Processing and Communication
was entered in the mid-seventies and the company has
since dedicated a major part of its resources to the
design and implementation of data communication solutions
to both civil and military requirements.
Christian Rovsing A/S serve a market ranging from systems
analysis and design to installation and training, including
post-delivery maintenance and field support.
This places the Systems Division of Christian Rovsing
A/S in a unique position to provide every assistance
in solving your application requirements.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. DEFENSE DATA COMMUNICATIONS OVERVIEW
1. Introduction
2. Interoperability
3. System Security
4. Elements of Defense Data Communication Systems.
II. FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS
1. Overview
2. Networks - Strategic and Tactical
3. Message Processing and Electronic Mail
4. Local Areas Network
5. Secure Gateways
6. Data Presentation - Viewdata
III DEFENSE DATA COMMUNICATION ENGAGEMENT AT
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
CASE A: MESSAGE PROCESSING - CAMPS
CASE B: NATIONAL STRATEGIC NETWORK - FIKS
CASE C: TACTICAL CCIS SYSTEM UPGRADE -
PIP IMPROVED HAWK
CASE D: STRATEGIC CCIS - VIDEOTEX
CASE E: TACTICAL CCIS - TOSCA
CASE F: STRATEGIC NETWORK - NICS-TARE
CASE G: MESSAGE SWITCHING - CRISP
IV CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S COMPANY PROFILE
1. Introduction
2. Company History
3. Company Organization
4. The Systems Division
V PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AT
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
1. Overall Project Approach
2. Project Implementation Procedures
3. Management and Program Control
4. System Engineering
5. Quality Assurance
VI LOGISTICS SUPPORT
1. Introduction
2. Organization
3. Installation
4. Maintenance
5. Training and Documentation
I̲ ̲ ̲D̲E̲F̲E̲N̲S̲E̲ ̲D̲A̲T̲A̲ ̲C̲O̲M̲M̲U̲N̲I̲C̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲S̲
O̲V̲E̲R̲V̲I̲E̲W̲
D̲E̲F̲E̲N̲S̲E̲ ̲D̲A̲T̲A̲ ̲C̲O̲M̲M̲U̲N̲I̲C̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲S̲ ̲
1. I̲N̲T̲R̲O̲D̲U̲C̲T̲I̲O̲N̲ ̲
During the past several decades a multitude of defense
data communication and information systems - representing
different stages of technology and utilizing various
procedures - have been installed. The design of each
individual system has typically emphasized functionality,
operability, survivability, and security; and the overall
result has been manageable, self-contained systems
providing reasonable realms of authority to their users.
Therefore, a typical headquarters may contain several
complementary defense communication systems as illustrated
by figure 1.
Even though commanders via their workstations have
access to each system, transfer of information between
systems must be based on manual or semi-automatic procedures.
It is not surprising, therefore, to find that new missions
establish demands beyond the capability of current
communication systems. The need for interoperability
between systems is evident, but implementation has
awaited the realization of adequate security.
Modern computer and communication technologies have
now advanced within the areas of multi-level security,
secure gateways, and standardization of communication
protocols to provide solutions and methods that facilitate
interoperability: an operator working at a terminal
attached to one system can now be provided with secure
access facilities through that terminal to other computer
systems without requiring manual conversion and transportation
of data between systems. Therefore, integration of
defense data communication and information systems
throughout the European Theatre of Operation can be
achieved as envisaged in figure 2.
Christian Rovsing A/S have been engaged in the area
of data communication for almost two decades. Our activities
in defense data communications have increased significantly
during the past five years, and in 1980 a separate
division - The Systems Division - was established to
consolidate company resources dedicated to meeting
the exacting requirements of defense data communication.
The aim of this publication is to highlight the engagement
of Christian Rovsing A/S in the field of defense data
communication.
First, defense data communication systems - as they
are today - have been introduced; the essential concepts
of interoperability will then be defined, system security
discussed, and major elements of defense data communication
systems listed.
The principal functional elements of secure defense
data communication systems are described in chapter
II. Together, these building blocks form a cost-effective,
integrated defense data communication system.
Cases describing defense data communication systems
are presented in Chapter III. Christian Rovsing A/S
have been involved in both equipment and system aspects
of these programs, and each case describes objectives,
benefits, functional elements, equipment, and expandability
with respect to the program.
Finally, a profile of Christian Rovsing A/S is presented.
The company's history, organization, and facilities
are presented to document that Christian Rovsing A/S
have the necessary resources to supply major Defense
Communication Systems. The methods developed for project
implementation are described; this shows how resources
are converted to a system solution by means of procedures
based on extensive experience in major Defense Communication
Programs. And the Logistics Support provided by Christian
Rovsing A/S is presented; system products include all
necessary aspects of installation, maintenance/spares,
training, and documentation.
Figure 1
A TYPICAL HEADQUARTERS
Providing access to several
complementary data communication systems
Figure 2
EUROPEAN THEATRE INTEGRATION
security ensured by Secure Gateways
2. C̲O̲N̲C̲E̲P̲T̲ ̲O̲F̲ ̲I̲N̲T̲E̲R̲O̲P̲E̲R̲A̲B̲I̲L̲I̲T̲Y̲
A well-functioning defense is crucically dependent
upon communication. Requiements to the spectrum of
information, speed, security, and integrity - to name
some of the most important aspects - must be met. As
there exist many data communication systems, with each
system ensuring services to limited environments -
allied, national, or civil systems, a solution to the
overall requirements of defense data communication
can only be provided by integration of the individual
systems, i.e. by interoperability.
The spectrum of information available is the sum of
information from each system; the actual transfer of
data between individual systems takes place automatically,
relieving operator burden and effecting real-time communication.
Security between systems can be ensured by implementation
of secure gateways, or multilevel security facilities
at each system interface while security within a system
must be provided by the systems own multi-level security
facilities. Security can additionally be ensured by
manual/automatic data screening, vetting, and requirements
for release authorization.
Data integrity throughout an integrated defense data
communication system is effected during transmission
by code control. Human error can be minimized by providing
an effective man-machine-interface. Access to any system
can be facilitated by having within a headquarters
all workstations attached to all systems via a local
area network. In addition, a uniform set of procedures
and information/conversation mask displays can be provided
for each system, thus easing the burden of operation.
Integration of different systems, i.e. achievement
of interoperability, is dependent upon system architecture.
System architecture describes the structure of a system
from the lowest level - carrier transmission - to the
highest level - workstation dialogue. The structural
layers utilized by our system architecture is given
in figure 3.
The interface between each level is well defined, thus
simplifying expandability - e.g. addition of a new
application dialogue - and maintainability - e.g. upgrading
of presentation formats.
A system communicates with other systems according
to level dependent protocols. Two systems with the
same architecture, exchange data by means of the same
protocol at each level. Otherwise, a protocol convertion
is required for each level.
Figure 3
INTER-NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
system communication by level dependent protocols
3. S̲Y̲S̲T̲E̲M̲ ̲S̲E̲C̲U̲R̲I̲T̲Y̲
There need be no discussion that defense data communication
systems should meet stringent security requirements.
Security must be ensured at all levels, viz physical
facilities, equipment, software, and operations. Examples
of significant security featues, implemented in Christian
Rovsing A/S's products, are:
o Use of fiber optics - all visual display units,
printers and other similar peripherals can be connected
to a communications network by fiber optical cables
to preclude EMI problems
o EMI shields - all equipment can be enclosed in
EMI shielded racks.
o Signal filters - all cables carrying power or electrical
signals enter the system through signal filters
to prevent inadvertent dissimination of information.
o Data protection by software/hardware - the Christian
Rovsing manufactured CR80/DAMOS provides a balanced
effort towards the achievement of secure systems,
providing access control mechanisms, integrity
protection and availability of service as an integral
part of CR80/DAMOS design.
o Operational security - all user access to a system
is subjected to the following security mechanisms:
- physical locks
- authentication by means of log-on password
and random security interogations
- user, terminal, and channel clearance plays
an essential role in authorization check-out.
4. E̲L̲E̲M̲E̲N̲T̲S̲ ̲O̲F̲ ̲I̲N̲T̲E̲G̲R̲A̲T̲E̲D̲ ̲D̲A̲T̲A̲ ̲C̲O̲M̲M̲U̲N̲I̲C̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲ ̲S̲Y̲S̲T̲E̲M̲S̲
The Systems Division of Christian Rovsing A/S provide
solutions to the requirements of a modern defense for
integrated data communication. This includes both the
design/implementation of total systems and integration
of systems. As a system house, we place emphasis on
overall design, reflected in the key areas of real-time
data transfer, security, integrity, availability, survivability,
and expandability.
Examples of the elements of communication systems with
which the Systems Division has significant experience
are:
o Transport Network based on nodal switch processors.
o Network Control Centers for overall network supervision
and control.
o Concentrators for interface to user workstations.
o Front End Processor between communication systems
and information processing systems.
o Message Processing facilities for handling secure
electronic mail and formatted logistics and intelligence
information.
o Secure gateways to facilitate transfer of data
between different categories of networks.
