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'…09…'…0f…'…05…&…86…1 …02… …02… …02… …02…
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…02…1982-07-30…02……02…
SEISMIC DATA PREPROCESSING SYSTEM
SECTION I
TECHNICAL PROPOSAL…02……02…
SEISMIC DATA PREPROCESSING SYSTEM
SECTION I
TECHNICAL PROPOSAL
DOC.NO. SDPS/PRP/002/CRA Issue 1
SUBMITTED TO: GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY OF NORWAY A.S.
VERITASVEIEN 1, P.O. Box 330
N-1322 H[VIK, NORWAY
IN RESPONSE TO: SPECIFICATION FOR ON-LINE VERSION
OF PREPROCESSING UNIT FOR "NESSIE"
PF/js/0479J 04.06.1982
PREPARED BY: P.E. HOLMDAHL
This proposal contains information proprietary to Christian
Rovsing A/S. The data contained herein, in whole or in part,
may not be duplicated, used or disclosed outside the recipient
as Purchaser for any purpose other than to evaluate the proposal;
provided, that if a contract is awarded to this offerer as a
result of, or in connection with the submission of this data,
the Purchaser shall have the right to duplicate, use, or disclose
the data to the extent provided in the contract. This restriction
does not limit the Purchaser's right to use information contained
in the data if it is obtained from another source without restriction.
T̲A̲B̲L̲E̲ ̲O̲F̲ ̲C̲O̲N̲T̲E̲N̲T̲S̲
1 TECHNICAL SUMMARY ..............................
1
2 REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS ..........................
9
2.1 System Overview ............................
9
2.2 Interfaces .................................
9
2.2.1 HS Channel Input Specification .........
9
2.2.2 LS Channel Interface ...................
12
2.2.3 Tape Format Specificaion ...............
12
2.3 Operation ..................................
13
2.4 Environment ................................
13
2.5 Functions ..................................
13
2.5.1 System Management ......................
14
2.5.2 Input and Conditioning of Data .........
14
2.5.3 Preprocessing ..........................
14
2.5.4 Output .................................
16
2.6 Performance ................................
16
2.6.1 Data Rates .............................
16
2.6.2 Processing Rate ........................
17
2.6.3 Storage Requirements ...................
18
3 PROPOSED TECHNICAL SOLUTION ....................
19
3.1 Baseline Preprocessing System ..............
19
3.1.1 System Operation .......................
19
3.1.2 Data Flow ..............................
22
3.1.3 Functions ..............................
24
3.1.4 Performance ............................
27
3.1.5 Testing ................................
27
3.1.6 Options and Expansions .................
28
3.2 Hardware Specification .....................
30
3.2.1 Unit Specification .....................
30
3.2.2 Module Specification ...................
31
3.3 Software Specification .....................
39
3.3.1 System Software ........................
39
3.3.2 Standard Utility Software ..............
41
3.3.3 Application Software ...................
43
3.3.4 Non-Standard Support Software ..........
62
3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATION ..............
65a
3.4.1 CR80M Equipment ......................
65a
3.4.2 Tape Drive ...........................
65c
3.5 POWER SUPPLY .............................
65d
3.6 SPARE PARTS ..............................
65d
4 DOCUMENTATION ................................
65e
5 TRAINING .....................................
65f
5.1 CR80 Operation and Maintenance Course ....
65f
5.1.1 Scope ................................
65f
5.1.2 Description of the Course ............
65f
APPENDIX I : Standard Modules ....................
66
APPENDIX II: Seismic Data Preprocessing ..........
86
1̲ ̲ ̲T̲E̲C̲H̲N̲I̲C̲A̲L̲ ̲S̲U̲M̲M̲A̲R̲Y̲
Christian Rovsing A/S is pleased to submit this proposal
for design and implementation of a Seismic Data Preprocessing
System.
The proposal is in compliance with your document:
Specification for on-line version of preprocessing
unit for "NESSIE", Doc. ref.: PF/js/0479J, 04.06.1982.
The technical solution is based on a state-of-the art
multiprocessor computer system architecture, implemented
with the latest technology. Using only few well defined
elements, implemented by standard equipment or microprocessor
units, a flexible modular approach has been chosen.
This results in an architecture with a large built-in
element of re-usability and adaptability for implementing
new processing algorithms and future product improvements.
Care has been taken to provide a system which facilitates
very low Mean Time to repair with only a few types
of modules required as spares.
The very modular architecture, as well in hardware
as in software, provides extensive expansion capabilities,
as well for increasing the processing rate as for adding
optional functions.
In the event of failure, maintenance philosophy is
based on module replacement. The modules are accessible
from the front or rear, and can be replaced by non-skilled
personnel without the need for special tools.
Built-in self-checking and diagnostic aids provides
for the location of faults.
Attention has been paid in the design to the achievement
of as flexible a system as possible without sacrifice
to efficiency. Effective utilization of space has also
been considered and is guaranteed by compact packaging.
The work is divided into three phases.
Phase I: System specification,
Hardware specification and
Software specification
Phase II: Design, development, procurement, integration
and delivery of a subset of the phase III
delivery, capable of recording in Raw Data
mode.
Phase III: Design, development, procurement, integration
and delivery of upgrades to the phase II
delivery to provide the full SDPS processing
system.
The phase II baseline system, comprises the following
a) Processor Unit
With one CPU, 4 x 128K memory, MAP, Seismic Data
Interface and RS 232 interface to "NESSIE".
b) Storage and I/O Unit with 128K memory, 6250 BPI
Tape Controller and dual Floppy Disk Controller.
c) Peripherals
Comprising 3 6250 BPI tape drives and a dual floppy
disk assembly.
d) The software necessary for performing the Raw Data
recording.
See figure 1-1 overleaf.
It should be emphasized that the phase II delivery
is to be regarded as an intermediate system, optimized
with regard to the final Preprocessing system, but
not optimized as a Raw Data Recording system.
The phase III upgrade is made by
a) Addition of Floating Point Processor modules
b) Exchange of all 128K memory modules with eight
1MW modules
c) Addition of the remaining Software.
See figure 1-2 overleaf.
The baseline system is capable of performing full preprocessing
at real-time speed.
The preprocessing is automated as far as possible to
achieve both a minimum of operator assistance and a
maximum utilization of the system.
A number of options are proposed
o Increased processing capacity by adding processors
in parallel for e.g. Beam Steering.
o Winchester disk plus Streaming Cartridge tape instead
of floppy disks.
o VDU and printer for fully independent operation.
A functional overview is found on figure 1 - 3 overleaf.
The seismic Data are received over the HS Channel of
the Acquisition Unit. The first operation is a check
on the integrity and completeness of the received data.
Descaling, estimation of missing traces and Spatial
Resampling is performed in one single transformation
process.
The next step in the pipelined processing is the Time
Resampling which is performed sequentially on slices
of all traces as data arrives.
The slices are assembled in a 7 megaword memory and
merged with the headers to form the entire file, logically
formatted into the Demultiplexed SEG-D format.
FIG. 1 - 1
FIG. 1 - 2
FIG. 1 - 3
The memory has room for two complete files, such that
the tape drives can operate continuously in ping/pong
mode.
The system is controlled via the LS channel, an RS
232 Link to the HP 1000 computer of "NESSIE". This
channel also provides all header information.
See figure 1-4 overleaf.
The system can also be operated off-line by connecting
the operator's console directly.
Operationally, the SDPS system will be simple to use.
Software aids are provided for the following:
o Menus with task choice
o Default values are available from disk
o Input verification of format and content
o Audible alert and alarm messages.
The Seismic Data Processing System will be fully supported
by Christian Rovsing A/S. The following items can be
offered.
o Transportation and installation
o Training of maintenance personnel
o On-call engineering assistance
o Product improvement and upgrading according to
future needs.
The decision to bid on the Seismic Data Processing
System represents a definite commitment on the part
of Christian Rovsing A/S to devote its resources and
technological talent to ensure the successful implementation
of an efficient and flexible tool for Seismic Data
Reduction.
2̲ ̲ ̲R̲E̲Q̲U̲I̲R̲E̲M̲E̲N̲T̲S̲ ̲A̲N̲A̲L̲Y̲S̲I̲S̲
The requirements to the Seismic Data Preprocessing
System (SDPS) are expressed in the
Specification for on-line version of preprocessing
unit for "NESSIE".
This Subsection represents a review of above requirements
in view of our system architecture.
2.1 S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲ ̲O̲v̲e̲r̲v̲i̲e̲w̲
An overview of the requirements is shown on fig. 2-1
overleaf.
The System interfaces to the Requisition unit of "NESSIE"
through the HS Channel, carrying the high speed seismic
data, and to the LS Channel, a low speed channel used
for commands, Ancillary information etc.
2.2 I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲f̲a̲c̲e̲s̲
This section specifies the data to be dealt with at
the input and the requirements to the output, i.e.
. HS channel input specification
. LS channel specification
. Tape format specification
2.2.1 H̲S̲ ̲C̲h̲a̲n̲n̲e̲l̲ ̲I̲n̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲S̲p̲e̲c̲i̲f̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
The input data are files, one for each shot.
Each file has the logical sequence:
Start of Information (min. 1)
General header (16 words)
Scan type header (1 to max. 99 channel
set
headers, each 16 words)
Extended header (0 to max. 99 x 16 words)
External header (0 to max. 99 x 16 words)
followed by a number of scans, each comprising
Sync/time code (4 words)
Auxiliary data (0 to 150 words)
Seismic data (0 to 1008 words)
End of Information (min. 1)
Zero-fill may have been introduced anywhere in the
data stream.
On the HS Channel all data are presented as 24 bit
parallel words consisting of a 4 bit identifyer and
a 16 or 20 bit data word. All header information along
with sync/time words are 16 bit words, each containing
2 bytes (1 byte = 8 bits) as described in SEG-D. In
SEG-D, all information is described in pairs of bytes.
All 16 bit words on the HS Channel contain the first
byte of a pair in the 8 MSB of the 16 bit word, and
the second byte of a pair in the 8 LSB of the 16 bit
word. The 20 bit word format applies to sampled data
only and replaces the 2 1/2 byte binary exponent multiplexed
data format as described in SEG-D.
The following bit pattern applies for all data on the
HS Channel:
MSB LSB
Start of information 1 1 1 0 x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Header (excluding)
external header) 0 0 0 1 x x
x x
b b
b b
b b
b b
b b
b b
b b
b b
External header 0 0 1 0 x x x x b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
Sync/time code 0 0 1 1 x x x x b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Aux. channels 0 1 0 0 c c c c
s q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q 0
Seismic data 0 1 0 1 c c c c
s q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q 0
Killed seismic trace 0 1 1 0
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x 0
Zero fill 1 0 0 0 x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x
End of information 1 1 1 1 x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
…86…1 …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02…
…02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02… …02…
x = don't care. May be forced
to zero by recording unit.
b = binary bit in 16 bit word
according to SEG-D as previously
described
c = binary exponent. This is
a 4 bit positive binary exponent
of 2,
written as 2…0e…cccc…0f… where cccc
can assume values 0 to 15.
s = sign bit. One = negative
number.
q = fraction. This is a 14 bit
ones's complement binary fraction.
The radix point is to the left
of the most significant bit with
values from 1 - 2…0e…-14…0f… to -1 +
2…0e…-14…0f….
The following constraints apply to the input format:
o Only one scan type header
o No sample skew header
The electrical interface is differential signals on
TTL-levels for both data and clock.
All 24 data lines are valid TBD nanoseconds before
until TBD nanoseconds after the TBD edge of the accompanying
clock.
The clock rate is constant and max. 1.2 MHz.
2.2.2 L̲S̲ ̲C̲h̲a̲n̲n̲e̲l̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲f̲a̲c̲e̲
The LS Channel is an RS 232 interface.
2.2.3 T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲ ̲S̲p̲e̲c̲i̲f̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
Data shall be recorded on standard 9 track 6250 BPI
Computer Compatible Tape. The tape format shall be,
for Raw Data recording:
o 2 1/2 byte binary, multiplexed SEG-D
and for the preprocessed data:
o 4 byte hex exponent, demultiplexed SEG-D
All files must be sequentially recorded, and tape change
shall occur only when there is not enough room for
the next file on the rest of the tape.
The block size must not exceed 655 Kbytes.
2.3 O̲p̲e̲r̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
o The SDPS system shall communicate with the operator
through the LS Channel.
o The SDPS system shall be self-contained regarding
all internal overlead and control functions.
o All set-up parameters and errors shall be logged
and a tape file log shall be produced.
Output destination may be line printer or operator's
computer.
o The three CCT's shall be operated with the two in
ping/pong mode and the third as a "hot spare".
2.4 E̲n̲v̲i̲r̲o̲n̲m̲e̲n̲t̲
All equipment shall be rack mounted and ruggedized
for shipboard installation.
Shock and vibration requirements are TBD.
Temperature range and humidity is TBD.
The equipment shall align to 230 volts +̲ 10 %, 47
to 63 HZ.
2.5 F̲u̲n̲c̲t̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
The functions of the SDPS can be divided into the four
groups:
o System management
o Input and conditioning of data
o Preprocessing
o Demultiplexing and output
The system shall be able to operate in two modes:
o Raw Data recording mode
Raw data are recorded in multiplexed form without
any preprocessing applied.
o Preprocessing mode
2.5.1 S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲ ̲M̲a̲n̲a̲g̲e̲m̲e̲n̲t̲
The system management includes Operator communication,
processing set-up and all high level system control
and monitoring.
The system management shall support
o Updating of header
o logging
2.5.2 I̲n̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲C̲o̲n̲d̲i̲t̲i̲o̲n̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲o̲f̲ ̲D̲a̲t̲a̲
The following functions are required for the input:
o Separation of Ancillary data (headers),
auxiliary data and seismic data
o Removal of filler data
o Data integrity check in terms of format check and
monitoring of file number
o Restitution of scan format to account for Aux channels
2.5.3 P̲r̲e̲p̲r̲o̲c̲e̲s̲s̲i̲n̲g̲
The required preprocessing functions are:
o Descaling according to header
o Estimation of missing values
o Resampling in the scan-direction
o Resampling in the trace-direction
2.5.3.1 E̲s̲t̲i̲m̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲o̲f̲ ̲M̲i̲s̲s̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲V̲a̲l̲u̲e̲s̲
Operator-specified missing traces are estimated according
to the operator specified function, selected among
o 4 point reconstruction with sin x/x approximation
o Two-point interpolation
o Nearest neighbour
o Zero
Estimation of missing values is applicable to seismic
data only.
2.5.3.2 R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲i̲n̲ ̲t̲h̲e̲ ̲S̲c̲a̲n̲ ̲D̲i̲r̲e̲c̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
The resampling in ther scan direction (spatial resampling)
shall be performed on the seismic data.
The following applies
n…0f…o…0e… = int ((n…0f…i…0e…-w)/s) + 1
for n…0f…o…0e…: Number of traces after resampling
n…0f…i…0e…: Number of traces before resampling
w : Number of weights
s : Step factor
The following is required
n…0f…i…0e…: up to 1008
w : up to 50
s : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
The weights may be specified as a symmetrical set of
values.
The weights are specified on initiation and may be
either
o Constant set for all spatial resampled traces,
or
o Separate set of weights for each spatial resampled
trace
The resampling function itself is a sum of products
as described in Appendix II.
2.5.3.3 R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲i̲n̲ ̲t̲h̲e̲ ̲T̲r̲a̲c̲e̲ ̲D̲i̲r̲e̲c̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
Resampling in the trace direction shall be performed
on the output from the spatial resampling together
with the auxiliary data. The following is required:
Step factor: 2, 3 or 4
Number of weight factors: up to 65
The resampling function itself is analogous to the
spatial resampling function.
2.5.4 O̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲
The output tape shall be recorded in SEG-D format.
In Raw Data recording mode, the tape format shall be
2 1/2 byte binary data recording, multiplexed SEG-D.
In preprocessing mode, the tape format shall be 4 byte
hex exponent data recording, demultiplexed SEG-D.
2.6 P̲e̲r̲f̲o̲r̲m̲a̲n̲c̲e̲
The SDPS system shall perform Raw Data recording and
Preprocessing with recording in real-time for any and
all of the possible input and preprocessing combinations,
up to the corresponding o̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲r̲a̲t̲e̲ for Raw Data recording:
o max. 250 Seismic + max. 100 Aux. Channels
o max. 500 Hz-sample rate
For the preprocessing mode, this could e.g. correspond
to an input of approx. 1000 seismic channels, a step
factor of 4 in space and 2 in time.
The derived performance requirements are calculated
in the following subsections.
2.6.1 D̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲R̲a̲t̲e̲s̲
For the Raw Data recording we have the following approximate
throughput rate:
520 channels x 2 1/2 byte/sample = 1300 bytes/scan
Max scan rate is 500 scans/sec.
Hence we have a max. throughput rate of approx.
6̲5̲0̲ ̲K̲b̲y̲t̲e̲s̲/̲s̲e̲c̲
In Preprocessing mode we have an input data rate (excl.
headers & sync) of
(1008 + 100) x 2 1/2 = 2770 bytes/scan
Scan rate is 1000 scans/sec.
giving the input rate of
2̲7̲7̲0̲ ̲K̲b̲y̲t̲e̲s̲/̲s̲e̲c̲ ̲o̲r̲
1̲1̲0̲8̲ ̲K̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲e̲s̲/̲s̲e̲c̲
The output rate is set by the requirements on output
rate:
350 channels x 500 scans/sec x 4 bytes/sample
= 7̲0̲0̲ ̲K̲b̲y̲t̲e̲s̲/̲s̲e̲c̲
2.6.2 P̲r̲o̲c̲e̲s̲s̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲R̲a̲t̲e̲s̲
The processing rate for the spatial resampling is a
maximum of approx.
250 channels x 1000 scans/sec x 50 weights
= 1̲2̲.̲5̲ ̲M̲ ̲(̲F̲M̲U̲L̲ ̲+̲ ̲F̲A̲D̲D̲)̲/̲s̲e̲c̲
The above is a short form of 12.5 million floating
point multiplications in parallel with 12.5 million
floating point additions per second.
For the Time resampling we have similarly a maximum
processing rate of approx.
350 channels x 500 samples/sec x 65 weights
= 1̲1̲.̲4̲ ̲M̲ ̲(̲F̲M̲U̲L̲ ̲+̲ ̲F̲A̲D̲D̲)̲/̲s̲e̲c̲
2.6.3 S̲t̲o̲r̲a̲g̲e̲ ̲R̲e̲q̲u̲i̲r̲e̲m̲e̲n̲t̲s̲
The storage requirement for weight factors for the
spatial resampling is
50 weights/trace x 500 traces x 3 bytes/weight
= 7̲5̲ ̲K̲b̲y̲t̲e̲s̲
The storage requirement may be halved if the symmetry
is utilized.
The storage requirements for the intermediate data
storage between spatial and time resampling is a minimum
of approx.
350 channels x 65 weights x 3 bytes/sample
= 7̲0̲ ̲K̲b̲y̲t̲e̲s̲
The absolute minimum storage requirement for performing
the demultiplexing of a file is approx.
350 channels x (9000 x 1/2 x 4 + 20) bytes/channel
= 6̲.̲3̲ ̲M̲b̲y̲t̲e̲
For continuous operation, two files are required i.e.
a requirement of
1̲2̲.̲6̲ ̲M̲b̲y̲t̲e̲
3̲ ̲ ̲P̲R̲O̲P̲O̲S̲E̲D̲ ̲T̲E̲C̲H̲N̲I̲C̲A̲L̲ ̲S̲O̲L̲U̲T̲I̲O̲N̲
The proposed technical solution is presented as the
baseline system which fulfils, as a minimum, all the
basic requirements.
It is also shown how options and expansions are added
to the baseline system.
3.1 B̲a̲s̲e̲l̲i̲n̲e̲ ̲S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲
The baseline SDPS is a CR80M computer with dedicated
modules for the high speed data processing.
See figure 3-1 overleaf.
The system is divided into two units.
The Processor Unit (PU) performs
o System control and monitoring
o Interfacing to the Acquisition Unit
o Preprocessing of raw data
o Ancillary data update
The Storage and I/O Unit performs, under supervision
of the PU:
o Intermediate buffering and demultiplexing of data
to output format
o Recording onto 6250 BPI CCT
o Background storage on disk of program, system log,
standard parameters etc.
3.1.1 S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲ ̲O̲p̲e̲r̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
The operator controls all system functions from a VDU
terminal, attached to the HP 1000 computer of "NESSIE".
See figure 3-2 overleaf.
The only manual interventions in normal operation is
mounting and demounting of tapes.
Swithching of CCT drives is performed under software
control.
The "hot spare" is used if an error occurs on the drive,
provided that this third drive is included in the configuration
set-up.
The operator is alerted by a message on the terminal
and an acoustic alert when a tape has to be changed
etc.
The program, running under DAMOS, the CR80M mapped
operating system, is stored on floppy disk.
Standard parameters, system log and menues are also
stored on floppy disk.
The system log and all system messages are tagged with
real-time and date.
The log can be recalled for display on the VDU and/or
printed on paper.
3.1.2 D̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲F̲l̲o̲w̲
The data flow in preprocessing mode is indicated in
figure 3-3 overleaf.
The data flow at figure 3-3 has a simple correspondence
to the hardware since
o Input corresponds to the SDI interface
o Spatial Resampling is performed in the first
stage of the FPP's
o Time Resampling is performed in the last
stage of the FPP's
o Formatting (demultiplexing) is performed in the
memory of the Storage and I/O Unit
o Output is through the Tape Controller
For the purpose of this proposal, it is assumed that
all file header information is received via the LS
Channel. The file header information, received over
the HS Channel is skipped at the input, except for
the file number which is stored for comparison with
the number received via the LS Channel.
In the Raw Data Storage mode, Spatial and Time Resampling
is bypassed i.e. data passes through the interfaces
without any kind of processing. The Formatting consists
only of adding the headers.
3.1.3 F̲u̲n̲c̲t̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
The most important functions are indicated on figure
3-3.
Below is given a summary of the functions. For the
details is referred to section 3.3.3.
3.1.3.1 I̲n̲p̲u̲t̲
The following functions are performed on the data by
the input interface, the SDI:
o Data integrity check
The format of the input data is checked to be as
specified.
The file number is checked to be as specified over
the LS Channel.
o Zero fill is skipped
o Auxiliary/Seismic data are separated
o The scan-format is conditioned, i.e. dummy values
are inserted on positions which are occupied by
compass sections etc.
o Data are transformed to internal float format i.e.
6 bit exponent and 16 bit mantissa.
3.1.3.2 S̲p̲a̲t̲i̲a̲l̲ ̲R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲i̲n̲g̲
The Spatial Resampling takes place in the first stage
of the Floating Point Processor (FPP) modules. This
module is a general - purpose floating point array
processor, specially designed to perform fast multiply/add.
The module operates autonomously when all parameters
have been set up by the CPU.
The Spatial Resampling operation can be considered
as a transformation of the organized input file, described
by a certain transform matrix. See Appendix II for
details. The appendix also describes how estimation
of missing traces can be combined with the spatial
resampling into a single transformation. It is easy
to see that descaling can be included too.
This means, however, that the weight function will,
in principle, be different for each spatial resampled
trace.
Also, the number of (significant) weight factors will
increase slightly.
Hardware-wise, this means that a memory of significant
size is required, even if the resampling function is
constant. But this situation has to be dealt with anyway
in the situation of separate weights for each spatial
resampled trace.
Our approach has therefore been to include estimation
of missing traces and descaling into the Spatial Resampling.
Hence, the Spatial Resampling at a file can be visualized
as a matrix multiplication. This can again be broken
down into successively simpler operations:
a) Resampling of a scan can be considered
as the product of a column vector (the scan)
with the weight-matrix
b) Resampling to achieve a single point is the
scalar product of a column vector (the scan)
with a rov vector (the weight function for the
particular resampled trace).
c) The scalar product is implemented as a sum of products
over the
significant (non-zero) part of the weight function.
These functions are implemented in the controlling
firmware of the FPP.
Two FPP modules are connected in parallel for enhancing
the processing power. Each module processes approx.
half the number of traces.
3.1.3.3 T̲i̲m̲e̲ ̲R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲i̲n̲g̲
Time Resampling is performed on the output from the
Spatial Resampling. This is done with the same type
of FPP as used for the Spatial Resampling. Only the
firmware is different, although in many ways analogous.
The input data are stored cyclically, scan-by-scan
in the built-in memory. This memory can store more
than 65 scans.
The processing is performed across the scans, i.e.
in the trace-direction on a small slice of all traces
before the successive, adjacent slice is processed.
3.1.3.4 F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲t̲i̲n̲g̲
The Spatial and Time Resampled data are transferred
to the memory of the storage and I/O Unit and arranged
into a trace-oriented format.
The updated file header and the trace-headers are added
by CPU-initiated DMA transfers from the memory of the
PU.
3.1.3.5 O̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲
Output to the tape commences once a complete file has
been assembled in the memory.
The Tape Controller autonomously retrieves data from
the memory by the built-in DMA controller.
The data encoding on the tape is the Group Coded Recording
(GCR).
All GCR-specific data encoding are performed by the
Tape Controller/Adapter.
The tape-almost-full condition is sensed by detection
of the EOT mark.
This mark must be placed approx. 30 meters before the
physical end of tape to assure enough room for the
last file.
3.1.4 P̲e̲r̲f̲o̲r̲m̲a̲n̲c̲e̲
The most important performance measures are the processing
rate and the input/output data rates.
The Floating Point Processors are designed for the
peak processing rate of 8 million operations per second.
With two in parallel we have a performance of up to
12.5 Million (FMUL + FADD) per second by allowing for
approx. 20 % overhead.
The SDI interface will be designed to an input rate
up to 1.2 Mega Samples per second.
The maximum speed of the tape drives will be at least
120 inch per second, giving the peak recording rate
of approx. 750 Kbytes per second, thus assuming the
mean output rate of at least 700 Kbytes per second.
3.1.5 T̲e̲s̲t̲i̲n̲g̲
Provisions have been made in the design for testing,
as well for the purpose of factory and acceptance testing
as for maintenance and diagnostic.
The test philosophy is based on a testing in three
levels.
In increasing order of complexity (in terms of involved
hardware) we have
o Built-In-Test (BIT)
o Stand-alone test
o System test
The Built-In-Test is on module level. The BIT is performed
by the built-in-microprocessor and will typically test
internal data paths, RAM and a number of functions.
The test is always performed on power-up. The CPU monitors
the successful completion of the test.
The BIT test can also be initiated by command from
the CPU.
The Stand-alone test is a comprehensive CPU-controlled
test on a single module. The test will typically comprise
the bus interface, the communication RAM, reactions
to commands and status setting.
The system test shall be designed according to the
functions required.
For the system test of the SDPS system, a customer-furnished
Test Simulator is presumed which provides known input
data in the correct format.
It is further assumed that the Test Simulator can be
controlled (e.g. start/stop, select data pattern) from
the SDPS through the LS Channel.
3.1.6 O̲p̲t̲i̲o̲n̲s̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲E̲x̲p̲a̲n̲s̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
A number of options has been identified. The options
are not included in the baseline offer, but are offered
for an additional cost.
Further details are given on request.
3.1.6.1 W̲i̲n̲c̲h̲e̲s̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲D̲i̲s̲k̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲S̲t̲r̲e̲a̲m̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲T̲a̲p̲e̲
A Winchester disk (e.g. 5 Mbyte) and a streaming casette
tape can be provided instead of the dual floppy disk
assembly.
figure 3-4: Storage interface
The storage interface consists of a CR8046M standard
parallel controller (see data sheet in Appendix I)
with specifically designed firmware.
The Disk/Streamer Adapter is specifically designed
for the purpose of connecting the parallel controller
to the disk and the tape drive.
3.1.6.2 D̲e̲d̲i̲c̲a̲t̲e̲d̲ ̲T̲e̲r̲m̲i̲n̲a̲l̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲P̲r̲i̲n̲t̲e̲r̲
An operator's terminal and a printer is offered as
an option.
3.1.6.3 R̲a̲w̲ ̲d̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲f̲r̲o̲m̲ ̲C̲C̲T̲
Input of raw data (120 IPS) from 6250 BPI CCT is offered
as an option.
Implementation of this additional function will require
an extra Tape Controller and Adapter.
3.1.6.4 B̲e̲a̲m̲ ̲S̲t̲e̲e̲r̲i̲n̲g̲
Beam steering with trace - specific time shift, performed
at real-time rate is offered as an option. Implementation
will include additional FPP (s).
3.1.6.5 C̲o̲n̲d̲i̲t̲i̲o̲n̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲o̲f̲ ̲R̲a̲w̲ ̲D̲a̲t̲a̲
Conditioning, i.e. descaling and estimation of missing
traces during the recording of raw data, is offered
as an option.
3.1.6.6 E̲x̲p̲a̲n̲s̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
The expansion capabilities are numerous due to the
modular nature at the system. As one example, the processing
power, as well as the capacity in terms of channel
number and length of the weight function, can easily
be doubled by adding FPP's.
3.2 H̲a̲r̲d̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲S̲p̲e̲c̲i̲f̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
The hardware for the SDPS system is divided into the
two
o Processor Unit
o Storage and I/O Unit
both including the attached peripherals. Section 3.2.1
specifies the units, and section 3.2.2 the modules
of the units.
3.2.1 U̲n̲i̲t̲ ̲S̲p̲e̲c̲i̲f̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
The units are specified by their constituents. Modules
with specific CR-numbers are standard products, while
those with CR80xx number are to be developed for this
system.
3.2.1.1 P̲r̲o̲c̲e̲s̲s̲o̲r̲ ̲U̲n̲i̲t̲
The PU is a basic crate configuration with the following
modules:
2 CR8050M Power supply
1 CR8003M CPU
1 CR80xxM 1 MW RAM
1 CR8020M MAP
1 CR8071M MIA
1 CR80xxM Seismic Data Interface
4 CR80xxM Floating Point Processors
1 CR80xxM Seismic Data Adapter
1 CR80xxM Data Channel Adapter
The peripherals are:
1 CR8350 VDU terminal (option)
1 CR8390 Matrix printer (option)
3.2.1.2 S̲t̲o̲r̲a̲g̲e̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲I̲/̲O̲ ̲U̲n̲i̲t̲
The storage and I/O Unit is a basic crate configuration
with the following modules:
2 CR8050M Power Supplies
7 CR80xxM 1 MW RAM
1 CR80xxM 6250 BPI Tape Controller
1 CR8047M Floppy Disk Controller
1 CR80xxM 6250 Tape Adapter
2 CR80xxM Data Channel Interfaces
1 CR8087M SFA
The peripherals are:
3 6250 BPI Tape Drives
1 CR8308 Dual floppy disk drives
3.2.2 M̲o̲d̲u̲l̲e̲ ̲S̲p̲e̲c̲i̲f̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
Below is found a brief description of the modules to
be developed. Please note that only the lowest level
functions are specified here, while the higher (firmware
and software related) functions are described in section
3.3.3.
The standard modules are described by their data sheets,
found in Appendix I.
3.2.2.1 S̲e̲i̲s̲m̲i̲c̲ ̲D̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲f̲a̲c̲e̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲A̲d̲a̲p̲t̲e̲r̲
The SDI interfaces to the HS Channel of the Acquisition
Unit through the Seismic Data Adapter.
On the output side, it interfaces to the FP Data Bus.
See figure 3-5 overleaf.
The module is hardware-wise identical to the 6250 BPI
Tape Controller.
The module is located in the Front Magazine, with access
to the CR80 Channel Bus.
figure 3-5: 6250 Tape Controller
Master Control performs internal monitoring and control
according to the commands loaded into the communication
RAM by the CPU.
The circuit is designed around a 16 bit bit-sliced
controller with 32 bit internal registers.
The data flow through the external interfaces is controlled
by DMA controller circuits, one for the Channel Bus
and one serving both the HS Channel input and the FP
Data Bus output.
A First-In-First-Out memory solves synchronization
problems between the buses.
The Bit Pattern Recognition Circuit is a firmware-programmable
decoder and counter for frame and format decoding etc.
The Seismic Data Adapter is a separate circuit module,
located in the rear magazine.
The module provides the necessary electrical interface
to the Acquisition Unit.
Characteristics of SDI/Adapter:
o Interfaces to the HS Channel, 24 bit parallel data
and clock
o Data rate up to 1.2 Megawords per second
o Interfaces to the FP Data Bus
o Command and monitoring via the Channel Bus
3.2.2.2 6̲2̲5̲0̲ ̲B̲P̲I̲ ̲T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲C̲o̲n̲t̲r̲o̲l̲l̲e̲r̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲A̲d̲a̲p̲t̲e̲r̲
The hardware of the 6250 BPI Controller Module is identical
to that of the Seismic Data Interfaces, described above.
The Tape controller interfaces to the tape driver through
the 6250 BPI Tape Adapter.
Data for output are retrieved from the main memory
by DMA over Data Bus B.
The Encoder/Decoder performs the GCR format encoding
under firmware control.
The 6250 BPI Tape Adapter is a separate circuit module,
located in the rear magazine.
The module provides the necessary electrical interface
to the data and control interface of the tape drive.
The GCR data encoding, including the ECC and parity
bit generation, and the data-to-storage-group translation
is all performed in this module.
Characteristics of Controller/Adapter:
o Controls data flow and drive
o Retrieves data from memory, controlled by built-in
DMA controller
o Up to four drives can be connected to the same
controller
o Data rates up to 750 Kbytes per second, corresponding
to a tape speed of 120 inch per second.
o Rewind and Readying of a tape can be performed
in parallel with the recording on another.
3.2.2.3 F̲l̲o̲a̲t̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲P̲o̲i̲n̲t̲ ̲P̲r̲o̲c̲e̲s̲s̲o̲r̲ ̲(̲F̲P̲P̲)̲
The FPP is a CR80M module, designed for fast floating
point multiply/add.
See figure 3-6 overleaf.
The module has three parallel data parts, one to the
Channel Bus/Data Bus A, and two high speed parts, the
FP Data Buses, one will normally be used for data input
and the other for the processed output.
The module is set-up and controlled by the CPU, using
high-level commands.
The communication RAM is the link between the CPU and
the internal control.
All control of the input/output data flow is performed
by the built-in bit slice control processor according
to the program.
This processor also controls the internal data paths
and the arithmetic units through the mult/add control
hardware.
The module has room for 64 K words of 32 bits for the
input data, and up to 32 K words for the weight factors.
The Cache Memories are very high speed memories which
allows very fast access to a limited amount of data
and factors.
Characteristics:
o Internal format is 6 bit exponent and 16 bit signed
mantissa for the addition
o Rounding and normalization of results
o Cycle time is 125 nanoseconds
o Input/output is over 32 bit buses
o All I/O is controlled autonomously
3.2.3.4 1̲ ̲M̲W̲ ̲R̲a̲m̲
The RAM module is located in the front magazine and
provides the bulk memory in the system.
See figure 3-7 overleaf.
The module is dual ported to allow for access from
both Data Bus A and Data Bus B.
Characteristics:
o Dimensions comply to CR80 standard front module
o Dual ported access
o Memory size 1 Mega (16 + 2) bit words
o Mean access time 500 msec
3.2.3.5 D̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲C̲h̲a̲n̲n̲e̲l̲ ̲A̲d̲a̲p̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲(̲D̲A̲C̲A̲)̲
The DACA module is located in the rear magazine and
constitutes the interface between the F.P. Data Bus
and the CR80 Data Channel. The transfer is bidirectional,
controlled from the source module and is either by
single or block transfer. Data transferred to and from
is parity checked.
Characteristics:
o Dimensions as CR80 standard adapter module.
Supports single word or block transfers.
o Transfer rates with data channel length less
than 1 m:
More than 1 Mega 16 bit words per second for single
word transfers.
More than 3 Mega 16 bit words per second (peak)
for block transfers.
Throughput is determined by the memory access time.
3.2.3.6 D̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲C̲h̲a̲n̲n̲e̲l̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲f̲a̲c̲e̲ ̲(̲D̲C̲I̲)̲
The DCI is located in the rear magazine and constitutes
the interface between the Data Channel and Data Bus
A and Data Bus B.
The module is controlled from the Data Channel and
can operate either in single word (16 bit) or block
transfer mode.
To accomodate for the access time variation when accessing
the Data Bus memory, a FIFO is included. The conversion
from the 8 bit Data Channel format to the 16 bit format
on the Data Bus is also via the FIFO. The synchronization
and address control is performed by the Memory Access
Control.
Characteristics:
o Dimensions as standard CR80 channel interface module
o Supports both single word and block transfers
o Transfer rates comply with the Data Channel Adapter
o Addressing of up to 15 mega words on the Data Bus
3.3 S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲S̲p̲e̲c̲i̲f̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
This section describes the software which implements
the required SDPS functions. The software is implemented
in four groups:
o Damos System Software
o Standard Utility Software
o Application software
o Non-standard Support Software
The overall structure of the software is shown on the
figure overleaf.
The groups are described separately in the following
four sections.
A modular structure has been adapted for the application
software in order to achieve a solution which allows
maximum reuse of software during later implementation
of any of the options as well as stepped upgrading
of the baseline system to the maximum configuration.
3.3.1 S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
DAMOS, the CR80M Advanced Multiprocessor Operating
System, is a virtual memory operating system kernel
for the mapped CR80M series of computers. DAMOS fully
supports the CR80M architecture which facilitates fault
tolerant computing based on hardware redundancy. DAMOS
supports a wide range of machines from a single Processing
Unit (PU) having one CPU and 128K words of main memory,
up to a maximum configuration of sixteen PUs each PU
having five CPUs and 16.384K words of main memory plus
a virtually unlimited amount of peripheral equipment
including backing storage.
DAMOS is ideally suited for use in real time systems,
but also supports other environments like software
development and batch. The main objectives fulfilled
in DAMOS are of high efficiency, flexibility and secure
processing.
DAMOS consists of many layers of software where each
layer offers a service to the higher layers. The lowest
level is the DAMOS Kernel which implements fault tolerant
processes and interprocess communication.
SDPS
SOFTWARE
DAMOS STD.UTILITY APPLICATION NON-STANDARD
SYSTEM SOFTWARE SOFTWARE SOFTWARE SUPPORT
SOFTWARE
-Kernel -Assembler -System - Factory
Test
Management
-Input/Output -SWELL -Acceptance
Test
-System Init- -PASCAL -LS CHANNEL -SDI TEST
SW
ialisation SW
-TOS -TEST TOOLS -SEISMIC
DATA -FPP
TEST
SW
-DIAGNOSTICS INTERFACE -DATA CHANNEL
SW TEST SW
-FLOATING -6250 BPI
TAPE
POINT PRO- TEST SW
CESSOR SW -1MW RAM
TEST SW
-DATA CHANNEL
SW
-SEG-D FORM-
ATER SW
-6250 BPI
TAPE SW
SDPS SOFTWARE STRUCTURE
The DAMOS Page Manager is responsible for memory allocation
in a local Processing Unit and for activating appropriate
disc processes to transfer data from disc pages to
memory pages and vice versa.
The next layer consists of DAMOS device handlers, which
are software processes handling physical devices like
communication lines, line printers, terminals, discs,
and magnetic tape drives.
The DAMOS file Management System offers logical structuring
of physical discs into files
The DAMOS I/O system provides normal application programs
with a standardised and device independent interface
to all peripheral devices including files on disc storage.
All devices are handled as block oriented devices.
The Terminal Operating System (TOS) is a high level
operating System that supports multiple interactive
terminal users during program development and maintenance.
A comprehensive description of DAMOS is available upon
request.
3.3.2 S̲t̲a̲n̲d̲a̲r̲d̲ ̲U̲t̲i̲l̲i̲t̲y̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
The CR80M Utility Software consists of a variety of
program development and support tools. This section
describes those that have been found most important
for the performance of SDPS software. A more comprehensive
description of the CR80M support Software is available
upon request.
3.3.2.1 L̲a̲n̲g̲u̲a̲g̲e̲ ̲P̲r̲o̲c̲e̲s̲s̲o̲r̲s̲ ̲
The CR80M language processors include the following:
a. PASCAL is a high level block-oriented language
that offers structured and complex data and enforces
well structured programs. The CR80M implementation
is based on standard Pascal as defined by Kathleen
Jensen & Niklaus Wirth, with only minor deviations.
The CR80M implementation provides for bit mask
operations in addition to standard PASCAL data
structures. Furthermore, the CR80M implementation
provides the following powerful additions:
1. Compile time option enables merging assembly
object directly into the Pascal module.
2. Overlay technique is supported.
3. Built-in trace of program execution may optionally
be switched in/out for debugging purposes.
4. Sequential and random file access is available
from run time library.
b. The CR80M COBOL compiler is an efficient industry-compatible
two-pass compiler, fulfilling American National
Standard K3.23-1974 level 1 as well as most of
the level 2 features. COBOL is not included in
the baseline offer.
c. SWELL 80 is a Software Engineering Low level Language
for the CR80M minicomputer. SWELL offers most
of the data and program structures of PASCAL, and,
by enabling register control, is without the efficiency
penalties experienced in true high-level languages.
The main purpose of SWELL is to combine efficient
program execution with efficient program development
and maintenance.
d. The assembler is a machine-oriented language for
the CR80M. The language has a direct correspondence
between instructions read and code generated.
e. ADA compiler. A project has been launched for
implementation of the new DOD standard programming
language ADA on the CR80M machine. The project
is planned for completion in 1983 and includes
development of an ADA compiler hosted on and targeted
for the CR80M as well as of an ADA programming
support environment. The programming support environment
is based on the Stoneman report.
3.3.2.2 S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲ ̲G̲e̲n̲e̲r̲a̲t̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
The utility SYSGEN-EDIT generates object files -- based
upon a set of directives, a system source, and command
files -- for subsequent compiling and linking. A BINDER
the binds the system object together with the application
object based upon a command file from SYSGEN-EDIT.
All the external references of the object modules
are resolved in the Binder output, which is a load
module ready for execution. The BINDER produces a
listing giving memory layout, module size, etc.
3.3.2.3 D̲e̲b̲u̲g̲g̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲
The software debugging facilities include:
o Test Output Facility
o On-line interactive debugger
3.3.2.4 F̲i̲l̲e̲ ̲M̲a̲n̲i̲p̲u̲l̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
The following utilities for file manipulation is available:
o Editor
o File copy and compare
o File merge
o Interactive patch facility
o File Maintenance program
3.3.3 A̲p̲p̲l̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
The Application Software covers all the application
specific Software (or firmware) necessary for implementing
the required functions of the SDPS System.
(See figure 3-9 overleaf)
FIGURTE 3-X…86…1 …02… …02… …02… …02…
3.3.3.1 S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲ ̲M̲a̲n̲a̲g̲e̲r̲
The System Manager implements central control and monitoring
of the SDPS System by having overall responsibility
of the entire configuration, scheduling and processing.
The System Manager module controls and monitors the
execution of a production order with the system mostly
operating in automatic mode. It provides the operator
with proper status information (e.g. which production
is running) as well as requests mount/dismount of CCT's.
The System Manager allows background jobs, e.g. system
management, to be submitted concurrently with the production
jobs. However, the later of these are priority jobs
which are allocated resources whenever a conflict between
the two types exists.
Other modules provide the System Manager with status
reports at regular intervals on their fitness. Lack
of this report or indication of an un-recoverable error
results in an error message.
-1.1 M̲a̲n̲-̲M̲a̲c̲h̲i̲n̲e̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲f̲a̲c̲e̲
The MMI provides the operator with a simple man-machine
interface which only requires the operator to select
one of the defined sets of operating modes followed
by the requested parameters. It directs the operator
if and when he has to mount/dismount CCT's or other
manual operations which the system does not control.
It provides status information and error messages
on the operator's VDU. In all, it implements a uniform
approach to operating the system and facilitates implementation
of a minimum labour intensive interface resulting from
the reduced complexity of operations required to control
the system. Furthermore the hierarchical structure
of menues facilitates menus to be added.
The menu is the central part of the MMI. Each menu
consists of a set of functionally connected system
actions. Each action may identify a function or capability
of the system and is presented by one or more VDU lines.
This enables a characteristic identification to be
employed for each action. Alternatively each action
may represent a parameter associated with a preceeding
selection, e.g. speed selection on a CCT recording.
Default parameter values are employed to facilitate
the operator's data entry; only parameters different
from the default need to be keyed in.
The menu is displayed in the upper part of the operator's
CRT-screen, while the last two lines are reserved for
error messages and replication of the operator's input.
The operator keys in his selection among the displayed
actions. The selection is checked for format and content
before a new (resulting) menu is displayed. An error
message, if necessary, is displayed on the last line
and an audible alarm is produced. The error message
provides a short description of the cause.
Data from the Man-Machine Interface is passed to the
System Manager module when all selections and parameters
required to execute a production or alternatively a
background job have been entered.
…86…1 …02… …02… …02… …02…
-1.2 M̲e̲s̲s̲a̲g̲e̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲p̲r̲e̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲(̲M̲I̲P̲)̲
The Message Interpreter performs the separation of
the LS Channel input according to the attached identifier
and interpretes the commands according to the defined
command format.
The following types of input is distinguished by the
attached identifier:
o Job description
Commands given as the first part of the initialisation,
specifying the job to be performed in terms of
mode of operation (raw, preprocessing,...), handling
of Ancillary data, etc.
o Preprocessing parameters
Weights, Streamer Configuration Descriptors etc.
o Headers
General Header, Channel Set Headers etc.
o Commands
Start, Terminate .........
Having determined the type of input, the actual input
is examined for legality and to determine to which
destination(s) the message shall be routed.
Detection of illegal input causes a message to the
operator.
-1.3 D̲e̲v̲i̲c̲e̲ ̲C̲o̲n̲t̲r̲o̲l̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲M̲o̲n̲i̲t̲o̲r̲ ̲(̲D̲C̲M̲)̲
The DCM Module constitutes the centralised link between
the System Management and the other Application Software
Modules i.e. handlers and formatters.
The communication applies a uniform interface to provide
the highest degree of modularity.
The command function includes a check on the availability
of resources and provides for overall synchronisation.
The Monitoring function includes a check on the reception
of the required register status report, as well as
selection between error status and normal status.
Any device error status is checked for relevance according
to the present System Status and conveyed to the Error
Status Interpreter for analysis, if it is found to
be of relevance.
Certain normal device Status reports will cause a message
to the operator through the MMI Module.
-1.4 E̲r̲r̲o̲r̲ ̲S̲t̲a̲t̲u̲s̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲p̲r̲e̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲(̲E̲S̲I̲)̲
The ESI Module performs the decoding of error messages
from device handlers to provide the following:
o Corrective action or action to limit the consequences
of the error, e.g. STOP-Command, through the DCM
o Error message to the operator through the MMI
-1.5 L̲o̲g̲g̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲(̲L̲O̲G̲)̲
The LOG module collects all (legal) commands and system
messages (normal and error), tagged with date and time,
and stores them onto disk. A tape file log is created
and updated.
The text can be recalled for display on the VDU and/or
printed on paper as specified by the operator.
3.3.3.2 L̲S̲ ̲C̲h̲a̲n̲n̲e̲l̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲(̲L̲C̲S̲)̲
The LCS Module implements the protocol for the LS Channel.
For the purpose of this proposal, it is assumed that
our standard Operator Terminal Handler is used.
3.3.3.3 S̲e̲i̲s̲m̲i̲c̲ ̲D̲a̲t̲a̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲r̲f̲a̲c̲e̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲(̲S̲D̲S̲)̲
The SDS Software includes all the Software and firmware
needed to perform the functions specified for the SDI
Interface under the control of the SCM.
The main functions are:
o Set-up and monitoring of the SDI Interface
o Seismic Data input handling
o Integrity check on input data format
o Conditioning of the format to strictly reflect
the physical streamer configuration
o Seismic Data output handling
The following sections describe these functions separately.
-3.1 S̲D̲I̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
-3.1.1 G̲e̲n̲e̲r̲a̲l̲ ̲D̲e̲s̲c̲r̲i̲p̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
The Seismic Data Interface Handler performs set-up
and monitoring of the SDI Interface.
The handler receives commands and set-up information
from the System Manager and returns file status, First
Timing Word and Time Break Window after the completion
of each file.
An error message is given immediately upon detection
of format error.
A message is also given if no Start of Information
is received after TBD Seconds from START or last End
of Information.
The File Number received via the HS Channel is compared
to the file number received from the System Manager.
An error message is given if they do not compare
-3.1.2 S̲e̲t̲-̲u̲p̲
The Set-up consists of the loading of the following
information:
o Operating mode
Raw data recording or preprocessing
o Bytes per Scan
A 10 bit binary number corresponding to bytes no.
20,21 and 22 of General Header constrained to be
within 1 to 2047.
o Streamer configuration
Numbers on all positions of the Streamer which
are occupied by auxiliary sensors.
Up to 150 numbers of 11 significant bits
o Output format specification
Number of (Aux) Channels to be stripped off and
how to distribute the Channels among the devices
connected on the output
-3.1.3 C̲o̲m̲m̲a̲n̲d̲s̲
The operational functions of the SDI handler comprises:
o Start (file number)
Transfer data according to the set-up, beginning
at the specified file number
o Stop
Stop transfer at the end of the current file
-3.1.4 M̲o̲n̲i̲t̲o̲r̲i̲n̲g̲
The SDI Status is monitored upon an interrupt, issued
by the SDI, or upon time-out.
Interrupt is issued at the start and end of each file.
Interrupt is also issued upon detection of format error
or time-out.
The Status consists of:
o Format Error
Header length was not correct or sync word was
not found at the expected position (based on 4
bit ID)
o File De-limiter
This bit is set at detection of Start of Information
and reset at End of Information.
In addition, the following information is read from
the SDI Communication RAM:
o File number
o State bits (TWI,ITB,DP)
Byte no. 4 of the first scan of each file
o First Timing Word
Byte no. 5,6 and 7 of the first scan of each file
o Time Break Window
The timing word of the first scan where TWI assumes
the value "1".
-3.2 I̲n̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Input Handler controls the data flow at the interface
to the HS Channel.
This consists of:
o Detection of Start and End of Information
o Format de-coding
o Skip of Zero-fill
o Skip of un-used header information
o Extraction and storage of file number and timing
words
All this is done on the basis of the four bit identifier
of the 24 bit input word.
-3.3 F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲g̲r̲i̲t̲y̲ ̲C̲h̲e̲c̲k̲
The Format Integrity Check consists of verification
of:
o Header length (excluding external header)
o External header length
o Scan length
The expected header length is found by simple calculations
on values from the General Header.
The Length of the External Header is given directly
in the General Header. This is also true for the Scan
length.
The actual length of each header is determined by counting
the number of input words with the corresponding ID
Code.
The actual length of each Scan is determined by counting
the number of input words (sync/time + Aux + Seis)
between each Sync word.
An error bit is set if not all of the actual lengths
compare with the actual ones.
-3.4 F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲ ̲C̲o̲n̲d̲i̲t̲i̲o̲n̲i̲n̲g̲
The Format Conditioning is the modification of the
input Scan format to reflect the Physical Streamer
Configuration.
The Modification consists of inserting dummy-samples
into the input Scan-format at positions in the format
according to the Streamer Configuration Specification,
a table of up to 150 numbers which specifies the "missing"
positions in the input scan format.…86…1 …02… …02…
…02… …02…
-3.5 O̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Output Handler controls the data flow at the output
FP Data Bus interface of the SDI.
The following functions are implemented:
o Output DMA Control
Data is written into the RAM of the connected device(s)
in a Scan-oriented buffer-format.
The buffers of the buffer pool are filled cyclically.
o Output Device Select
The Scan is divided into slices with appropriate
overlay, according to the number of processing
devices available.
3.3.3.4 F̲l̲o̲a̲t̲i̲n̲g̲ ̲P̲o̲i̲n̲t̲ ̲P̲r̲o̲c̲e̲s̲s̲o̲r̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲(̲F̲P̲S̲)̲
The FPS Software includes all the Software and Firmware
needed to perform the functions specified for the Floating
Point Processors (FPP's) under the control of the SCM.
The Software is broken down into three main categories:
o FPP Handler
which performs the control, set-up and monitoring
of the FPP Module.
This handler is common to all FPP Modules.
o Software necessary for performing the Spatial Resampling
o Software necessary for performing the Time Resampling
The Three Categories are described in subsections -4.1,
-4.2 and -4.3 respectively
-4.1 F̲P̲P̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The FPP Handler performs all control, set-up and monitoring
of the FPP Module.
The Handler receives commands and set-up information
from the SCM and returns status after completion of
each file.
The set-up information consists of:
o Input Format Descriptors
Number of Aux. Channels, number of Seismic Channels
for Spatial or Scan length for time resampling
o Processing Algorothm Parameters
Constants of the for-step-until-do loops of the
processing algorithm.
o Weight Factors
The Weight Factors received via the LS Channel
has been modified to account for estimation of
missing channels and de-scaling, as applicable.
o Output Format Descriptors
Output FP Data Bus DMA parameters
The Status consists of:
o Data Lost Flag
The Flag is set if an input data buffer has been
overwritten before the data has bee processed
o Overflow Flag
The Flag is set if the arithmetic operations at
any stage gives results which exceeds the internally
allowable range.
-4.2 S̲p̲a̲t̲i̲a̲l̲ ̲R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲i̲n̲g̲
-4.2.1 P̲a̲r̲a̲m̲e̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲C̲a̲l̲c̲u̲l̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲t̲i̲n̲g̲
This software module provides the set-up information
to the FPP handler in the right format, ready for loading
into the Communication RAM of the FPP Module.
The Input Format Descriptors are derived from simple
calculations on Scan Length, no. of Aux. Channels etc.
The processing algorithm parameters are also derived
from simpel calculations involving e.g. number of weight
factors.
The Weight Factors to be loaded into the FPP are calculated
from the weight factors provided by the computer of
"NESSIE", the Estimator-Constants and the Streamer
Configuration Specification.
-4.2.2 R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲e̲ ̲D̲r̲i̲v̲e̲r̲
The Resample Driver implements the for-step-until-do
loops of the processing algorithm.
This includes:
o Address calculations to get the right sample value
o Address calculations to get the right weight factor
o Increment and test of loop values
o Internal data flow control
o Control of arithmetic elements
o Cache memory control
o Normalisation of results
o Test for data lost
o Test for overflow
-4.2.3 O̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Output Handler controls the data flow at the FP
Data Bus output interface of the FPP.
The following functions are implemented:
o Output DMA Control
Processed data is written into the RAM of the connected
device(s) in a sliced trace-oriented format
o Auxiliary Data are transferred without processing
and written into the same format
-4.3 T̲i̲m̲e̲ ̲R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲i̲n̲g̲
-4.3.1 P̲a̲r̲a̲m̲e̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲C̲a̲l̲c̲u̲l̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲t̲i̲n̲g̲
This Software Module provides the set-up information
to the FPP Handler in the right format, ready for loading
into the Communication RAM of the FPP Module.
The Input Format Descriptors are derived from simple
calculations on Scan Length, no: of Aux. Channels etc.
The processing algorithm parameters are also derived
from simple calculations involveing e.g. number of
weight factors.
The Weight Factors are formatted, ready for loading
into the communication RAM of the FPP.
-4.3.2 R̲e̲s̲a̲m̲p̲l̲e̲ ̲D̲r̲i̲v̲e̲r̲
The Resample Driver Firmware implements the for-step-until-do
loops of the processing algorithm.
This includes:
o Address calculation to get the right sample value
o Address calculations to get the right weight factor
o increment and test of loop values
o Control of arithmetic element
o Cache memory control
o Normalisation of results
o Test for data lost
o Test for overflow
-4.3.3 O̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Output Handler is the Firmware which controls the
data flow at the FP Data Bus output interface of the
FPP, i.e. the flow through the Data Channel Adaptor
- Data Channel Interface to the memory of the Storage
and I/O Unit.
The data is stored in a trace-oriented format.
3.3.3.5 S̲E̲G̲-̲D̲ ̲F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲t̲e̲r̲ ̲(̲S̲D̲F̲)̲
The SDF comprises all the software required for performing
the formatting of the headers of the multiplexed and
demultiplexed SEG-D format.
3.3.3.5.1 M̲U̲X̲ ̲S̲E̲G̲-̲D̲
This module performs the formatting of the headers
to be recorded onto 6250 BPI Mag Tape in the Raw Data
Storage mode.
The module receives all necessary information from
the System manager. This comprises:
o All informative contents of the header of the first
file, delivered in a TBD format
o Output format specification for the headers as
necessary
o Updates to subsequent files.
The formatting consists of re-arranging the informative
contents of the header and supply any necessary fixed
values to create a data area which conforms to the
specified Multiplexed SEG-D header format when written
onto the Mag Tape.
The contents of the header is updated for each file
as necessary, i.e.
o File number
o Date/time
3.3.3.5.2 D̲E̲M̲U̲X̲ ̲S̲E̲G̲-̲D̲
This module performs the formatting of all headers
to be recorded onto 6250 BPI Mag Tape in the Preprocessing
mode.
The Module receives all necessary information from
the System Manager. This comprises:
o All informative contents of the header (except
for trace headers) of the first file, delivered
in a TBD format.
o First Timing word and Time Break Window (to be
used for the trace headers)
o Output format specification for the headers as
necessary
o Updates to subsequent files.
The formatting consists of re-arranging the informative
contents of the headers and supply any necessary fixed
values to create a data area which conforms to the
specified Demultiplexed SEG-D header format when written
onto the Mag Tape.
The trace headers are created from the information
of the General Header (file number), First Timing Word
and Time Break Window. Trace number in BCD-Code is
added to form consecutively numbered traces.
3.3.3.6 6̲2̲5̲0̲ ̲B̲P̲I̲ ̲T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲(̲M̲T̲S̲)̲
The MTS Software includes all software and firmware
needed for the recording of data from memory onto 6250
BPI tape.
3.3.3.6.1 T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲C̲o̲n̲t̲r̲o̲l̲l̲e̲r̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Tape Controller Handler performs all set-up, control
and monitoring of the Tape controller.
The Handler receives commands and set-up information
from the System Manager and returns the status of the
last transfer, controller status and drive status after
completion of each file.
An error message is given immediately through an interrupt
if an error is detected.
A status bit is set at detection of EOT tape mark (appr.
30 meters before physical end of tape) to indicate
that switching of drives shall be performed at the
next file boundary.
The Tape Controller Handler performs an internal scheduling
of commands concerning separate tape transports to
utilize the ability of the Tape Controller to transfer
data on one transport while another is rewinding or
skipping.
The following specific commands are supported:
INCLUDE,
which introduces a tape into the control of the tape
handler
EXCLUDE,
which again removes a tape unit from the control of
the handler.
MOUNTTAPE,
which winds the tape until the first block.
REWIND,
which rewinds the tape and subsequently turns it off
line.
READBLOCK,
which reads a block of data from a particular unit.
WRITE BLOCK,
which writes a block of data to a particular unit.
WRITE ̲EOF,
which writes an end ̲of ̲file mark on the tape of the
specified unit.
ERASE,
which erases the tape from its current position and
on.
LOCATE,
which will locate a specific block of a specific file.
Blocks are numbered absolutely within each file. Files
are numbered absolutely within each tape. The tape
handler internally keeps track of the current position.
3.3.3.6.2 I̲n̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Input Handler controls the data flow from the main
storage to the Tape Controller via the Data Bus B.
The Control includes the set-up of DMA parameters,
test of transfer and buffer status and merging of file
header, trace headers and scans.
3.3.3.6.3 F̲o̲r̲m̲a̲t̲ ̲E̲n̲c̲o̲d̲e̲r̲
The Format Encoder performs the specific encoding of
the input data to the Group-Coded Recording, GCR ANSI
X 3.54.1976 and IBM compatible tapeformat.
The following functions are performed:
o Provision of preamble
o Provision of Control Subgroups
o Insertion of resync burst
o Encoding of data groups
o Addition of End Mark
o Forming of residual Data Group
o Insertion of CRC Data group
o Addition of the Postamble
3.3.3.6.4 O̲u̲t̲p̲u̲t̲ ̲H̲a̲n̲d̲l̲e̲r̲
The Output Handler controls the data transfer from
the Tape Controller to the tape drive through the Adapter
module.
3.3.3.6.5 T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲D̲r̲i̲v̲e̲ ̲C̲o̲n̲t̲r̲o̲l̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲M̲o̲n̲i̲t̲o̲r̲i̲n̲g̲
This module performs the low level execution of the
commands, received from the Tape Controller Handler.
The Status of the tape drive is monitored and the corresponding
bits are set in the status area of the communication
RAM.
3.3.4 N̲o̲n̲-̲S̲t̲a̲n̲d̲a̲r̲d̲ ̲S̲u̲p̲p̲o̲r̲t̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
The Software covered in this section is all System-specific
Software, needed for the delivery and maintenance of
the SDPS System but not required for the normal operational
functions.
This includes Systems test software, Maintenance and
Diagnostic (M & D) Software for the equipment, designed
for this system.
3.3.4.1 F̲a̲c̲t̲o̲r̲y̲ ̲T̲e̲s̲t̲
The Factory Test software is a number of modules, one
for each subtest, and a Factory Test Control and Report
module. The Factory Test is a sequence of functional
and reliability tests on the individuel modules (hardware
and software), followed by a test including the entire
system.
The test concludes with a test of the specified operational
tasks, e.g. Raw Data Recording, with a customer-supplied
simulator providing suitable test data on the LS and
HS channels.
3.3.4.2 A̲c̲c̲e̲p̲t̲a̲n̲c̲e̲ ̲T̲e̲s̲t̲
The Acceptance Test software will be very similar to
and, in fact, a subset of the Factory Test software.
3.3.4.3 S̲D̲I̲ ̲T̲e̲s̲t̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
The SDI Test software comprises the three levels:
o Built-In Test (BIT)
o Stand-alone test
o Simulation
The BIT-Test is a test, performed by the built-in processor.
This comprises test of e.g. memory, data paths (internal)
Bit Pattern Recognition hardware and the processor
itself. A status bit is cleared if the test succeeds,
and a red LED diode, visible from the front panel,is
switched off.
The Stand-alone Test is controlled from the CPU. The
test comprises Bus Interface, Communication RAM, command
and status setting.
The Simulation is a test on the overall functions and
performance of the SDI.
The test is supported by simulator hardware/software,
which generates fixed formats, including some with
inserted errors. The data output on the FP Data Bus
is checked through the connected module (FPP No. 1)
for correctness of bits and format.
Error messages are composed and output onto VDU or
printer as required.
3.3.4.4 F̲P̲P̲ ̲T̲e̲s̲t̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
The FPP Test Software comprises the three levels:
o Built-In Test
o Stand-alone test
o Simulation
The BIT-test is a test, performed ny the built-in processor.
This comprises test of e.g. memory, internal data paths,
cache memory control and arithemetic units. A status
bit is cleared if the test succeeds, and a red LED
diode, visible from the front panel, is switched off.
The Stand-alone test is controlled by the CPU. The
test comprises Bus Interface, communication RAM, command
and Status setting.
The Simulation is a test on the overall functions and
performance of the FPP.
The test is supported by simulator hardware/software,
which generators fixed formats with known data, conveyed
to the FPP through the SDI, or the previous (already
tested and approved) FPP.
3.3.4.5 6̲2̲5̲0̲ ̲B̲P̲I̲ ̲T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲t̲e̲s̲t̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲.
The test Software is divided into the following categories.
o Built-In Test
o Stand-alone test
o Reliability Test
The BIT test is a test, performed by the built-in processor.
This comprises test of e.g. memory, internal data paths
and of all tape drive commands and monitoring which
can be performed without activating the mechanical
parts.
The Stand-alone test is controlled by the CPU. The
test comprises Bus Interface, communication RAM, Commands
and Status setting. Miscellaneous read/write operations
will be included.
The Reliability Test is a repetitive write-read-verify
test with checkerboard data patterns.
3.3.4.6 1̲ ̲M̲W̲ ̲R̲A̲M̲ ̲T̲e̲s̲t̲ ̲S̲o̲f̲t̲w̲a̲r̲e̲
This test is a repetitive write-read-verify test with
checkerboard data patterns.
Each module is tested individually, and the error status
gives the specific module and chip(s) within the module
which is in error, if the error is located to a memory
chip.
3.4 E̲N̲V̲I̲R̲O̲N̲M̲E̲N̲T̲A̲L̲ ̲S̲P̲E̲C̲I̲F̲I̲C̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲
The environmental specifications for the CR80M System
is described in subsection 3.4.1.
The specifications for bought-out equipment is specified
in the following subsections.
3.4.1 C̲R̲8̲0̲M̲ ̲E̲q̲u̲i̲p̲m̲e̲n̲t̲
D̲e̲f̲i̲n̲i̲t̲i̲o̲n̲s̲
o Operating These limits apply to equipment
installed as specified and
operating in a normal office
or computer room environment.
o Storage: These limits apply to equipment
properly packed and protected
against dust, moisture, condensed
water etc.
o Transportation: These limits apply to equipment
properly packed for shipment.
T̲e̲m̲p̲e̲r̲a̲t̲u̲r̲e̲
o Operating: 15…0e…0…0f…C to 32…0e…0…0f…C
Maximum rate of change
6…0e…0…0f…C per hour.
o Storage/Trans-
portation: -40…0e…0…0f…C to 70…0e…0…0f…C.
H̲u̲m̲i̲d̲i̲t̲y̲
o Operating. 20%RH to 80%RH non condensing.Maximum
rate of change 10% RH per
hour.
Absolute water content in
the room air shall be limited
to 22g water per cubic meter
of air.
o Storage/Trans-
portation: 10%RH to 90%RH non condensing
A̲l̲t̲i̲t̲u̲d̲e̲
o Operating: 0 to 2000 m
o Storage/Trans-
portation: 0 to 10.000 m
V̲i̲b̲r̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲
o Operating and
Storage: 5Hz to 50Hz constant displacement
of 0.02mm.
50Hz smooth crossover
50Hz-350Hz constant acceleration
0.2g.
o Transportation: 5HZ to 350Hz constant accelaration
1.5g.
S̲h̲o̲c̲k̲
o Operating and
Storage: 1g, half sine wave, 10ms duration.
Not to be repeated more often
than one per 10 seconds.
o Transportation: 25g, half sine wave, 10ms
duration.
E̲l̲e̲c̲t̲r̲i̲c̲a̲l̲ ̲E̲m̲m̲i̲s̲s̲i̲o̲n̲
Radiated: Conforming to VDE871 class
C and VDE875 class G
Conducted: Conforming to VDE875 class
G.
E̲l̲e̲c̲t̲r̲i̲c̲a̲l̲ ̲S̲u̲s̲c̲e̲p̲t̲i̲b̲i̲l̲i̲t̲y̲
Radiated: Electromagnetic Field Strength
less than IV/m with frequencies
from 30 MHz to 500 MHz induced
from distance of 3m.
Conducted: Noise pulses on main wires
with amplitude less than 1000V
and risetime longer than 35n.
Pulse duration 0.1 uS to uS.
Repetition rate not more than
one per second.
3.4.2 T̲a̲p̲e̲ ̲D̲r̲i̲v̲e̲
Operating temperature: 15…0e…0…0f…C to 32…0e…0…0f…
Relative humidity: 30% RH to 80% RH
Altitude: 0 to 2000 m
Vibration: TBD
Shock: TBD
3.5 P̲o̲w̲e̲r̲ ̲S̲u̲p̲p̲l̲y̲
The CR80M Systems operates well within the limits:
230 Volt +̲ 10%, 47 to 63 Hz
The Tape drives will operate within
230 Volts +̲ 10%, 50 Hz +̲ 2 Hz
or (accessing to Switch-setting)
230 Volts +̲ 10%, 60 Hz +̲ 2 Hz
3.6 S̲p̲a̲r̲e̲ ̲P̲a̲r̲t̲s̲
The maintenance method is replacement at module level.
There is therefore a requirement for a stock of spare
modules.
The detailed spare parts list will be worked out in
cooperation with the customer, according to the all-over
maintenance philosophy.
We can propose the preliminary spare parts list below,
set up such that at least one spare module will be
available for all types at modules.
1 PWR Supply
2 1MW RAM
1 CPU
1 Seismic Data Interface + Adapter
1 MAP
1 Tape Controller + Adapter
1 Floppy Disk Controller + Adapter
In addition to this, a spare kit for the Tape drives
is recommended.
4̲ ̲ ̲D̲O̲C̲U̲M̲E̲N̲T̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲
Documentation of all hardware and software design is
an integral part of the design and development work.
Documentation of all design, performed under this project
is provided to the customer.
In addition to this, we can offer e.g.
o Hardware Manual
o Software Manual
o Maintenance Manual
o Operator's Manual
5̲ ̲ ̲T̲R̲A̲I̲N̲I̲N̲G̲
The training section, which is part of the Integrated
Logistic Support Department, is responsible for the
development and conduct of customer training.
The following course description of the Operation and
Maintenance Course is a combination of standard CR80
system training and specific customer training, specially
assigned personnel involved with the operation and
maintenance of the system.
5.1 C̲R̲8̲0̲ ̲O̲p̲e̲r̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲a̲n̲d̲ ̲M̲a̲i̲n̲t̲e̲n̲a̲n̲c̲e̲ ̲C̲o̲u̲r̲s̲e̲
5.1.1 S̲c̲o̲p̲e̲
After course the students are able to
o Operate the system
o Run applicable Maintenance and Diagnostic Software
o Repair the hardware to module (card) level
o Load and execute applications software
o Patch the system and application software
5.1.2 D̲e̲s̲c̲r̲i̲p̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲o̲f̲ ̲t̲h̲e̲ ̲C̲o̲u̲r̲s̲e̲
System description
Operation of the system
- System Initialization
- Job Execution
- Controls and Indicators
System Software
Software Utilities
Hardware Module Description
- CR80
- Peripherals
System Troubleshooting
The number of participants is max. 10 persons.
The previous knowledge for the course shall be minimum
of 3 years experience as a computer technician and
good ability to communicate in English.
The course duration is two weeks.
