top - download
⟦c1121939e⟧ Wang Wps File
Length: 10164 (0x27b4)
Types: Wang Wps File
Notes: Handbook
Names: »1880A «
Derivation
└─⟦4bcf3d88d⟧ Bits:30005999 8" Wang WCS floppy, CR 0048A
└─ ⟦this⟧ »1880A «
WangText
…02…
…02… …02……02…
…02……02…
DEFENSE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
FROM
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
P̲R̲E̲F̲A̲C̲E̲
The aim of this handbook is to present the engagement
of Christian Rovsing A/S in the area of Defense Communication
Systems.
First, Defense Communication Systems - as they are
today - are discussed; an overview is given; the essential
concept of interoperability is defined; and the major
elements of Defense Communication Systems are listed.
Second, the principal functional elements of Defense
Communication Systems are described. These are the
building blocks which can be integrated to form cost-effective
Defense Communication Systems.
Third, sever case histories of Defense Communication
Systems are presented. Christian Rovsing A/S has been
involved in both equipment and systems aspects of these
systems, and each case history describes objectives,
benefits, functional elements, equipment and expandability
with respect to the project.
The next section of this handbook presents a profile
of Christian Rovsing A/S. The company's history, organization,
and facilities are presented to document that Christian
Rovsing A/S has the necessary resources to supply major
Defense Communication Systems.
Then the methods developed for project implementation
are described; this section describes how resources
re converted to a system product by means of procedures
based on extensive experience in major Defense Communication
Projects.
Finally, the Logistics Support provided by Christian
Rovsing A/S is presented; all system products include
the necessary aspects of installation, maintenance/spares,
and training and documentation.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. DEFENSE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS TODAY
1. Overview
2. Interoperability
3. Elements of Defense Communication Systems.
II. FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS
1. Overview
2. Networks - Strategic and Tactical
3. Message Processing and Electronic Mail
4. Local Areas Network
5. Secure Gateways
6. Data Presentation - Viewdata
…01…III. DEFENSE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AT
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
CASE HISTORY A : STRATEGIC NETWORK - NICS-TARE
CASE HISTORY B : MESSAGE PROCESSING - CAMPS
CASE HISTORY C : NATIONAL STRATEGIC NETWORK - FIKS
CASE HISTORY D : TACTICAL CCIS SYSTEM UPDATE -
PIP IMPROVED HAWK
CASE HISTORY E : STRATEGIC CCIS - VIDEOTEX
CASE HISTORY F : TACTICAL CCIS - TOSCA
CASE HISTORY G : MESSAGE SWITCHING - CRISP
IV CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S COMPANY PROFILE
1. Introduction
2. Company History
3. Company Organization
4. Company Facilities
5. Financial Status
V PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AT
CHRISTIAN ROVSING A/S
1. Overall Project Approach
2. Project Implementation Procedures
3. Management and Program Control
4. System Engineering
5. Quality Assurance
VI LOGISTICS SUPPORT
1. Introduction
2. Organization
3. Installation
4. Maintenance
5. Training and Documentation
I DEFENSE COMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS TODAY
D̲E̲F̲E̲N̲S̲E̲ ̲C̲O̲M̲M̲U̲N̲I̲C̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲ ̲S̲Y̲S̲T̲E̲M̲S̲ ̲T̲O̲D̲A̲Y̲
1. O̲V̲E̲R̲V̲I̲E̲W̲
During the past two decades a multitude of defense
communication and information systems- representing
different stages of technology and following various
procedures - have been installed. In an endeavor to
focus discussion of these systems, at least six major
categories of Defense Communication Systems should
be identified:
o National Strategic Communication Systems
o Allied Strategic Communication System
o National Tactical Communication Systems
o Allied Tactical Communication Systems
o Local Area Communication Systems
o Command and Control Information Systems
Each indicidual system has typically emphasized functionality,
operability and survivability rather than interfacing
to other existing or new systems.
The aim has been to provide systems with the highest
degree of autonomy, particularly in peacetime, in order
to provide manageable entities and reasonable realms
of responsibility. The situation in current headquarters
is illustrated in figure 1 while the whole European
theater is illustrated in figure 2.
New missions establish demands that are beyond the
capability of current communication systems. This leads
to a need for interoperability between the communications
systems that support the National Defense Community
(strategic and tactical), Civil Community, and Allied
National Communities.
The highest degree of interoperability is achieved
if all systems use the same procedures and equipment.
This is, however, unrealistic due to the drastically
different requirements and environments from one community
to another. Furthermore, such a requirement would obsolete
systems already in operation or still under contract.
Significant problems often result because transfer
of information between systems must be based on manual
or semi-automatic procedures, even though commanders
have access to each individual system via its workstation.…86…1
…02… …02… …02… …02…
Solution of the problem has been hampered by concern
that system interoperability might result in reduction
of security i.e. the use of one system to tap data
from another.
Modern computer and communication technologies have
now advanced within the areas of multi-level security,
secure gateways and standardization of communication
protocols to provide solutions and methods that facilitate
interoperability: an operator working at a terminal
attached to one system can now be provided with secure
access facilities through that terminal to other computer
systems or centers with full security protection and
without requiring manual conversion and transportation
of data between systems.
The aim of this handbook is to highlight major elements
necessary for establishment of Interoperable Defense
Communication Networks; to present a number of communication
systems that today are part of an Integrated Defense
Communication Network; and to describe the capabilities
and roll of Christian Rovsing A/S in the field of Interoperable
Defense Communication Networks.
Figure 1
Current Headquarters
Figure 2
EUROPEAN THEATRE COMMUNICATION
2. C̲O̲N̲C̲E̲P̲T̲S̲ ̲O̲F̲ ̲I̲N̲T̲E̲R̲O̲P̲E̲R̲A̲B̲I̲L̲I̲T̲Y̲
The well-functioning of a modern defense is crucially
dependent upon rapid and secure exchange of information.
Demands upon operator participation where necessary
between the message originator and recipient must be
such that speed is not significantly reduced; security
cannot be compromised; and that sources of error are
minimized.
These requirements can be met by applying concepts
of interoperability to the design of Integrated Defense
Communication Systems.
Firstly, speed is ensured if the actual transfer of
data between different systems takes place without
operator intervention.
Secondly, security is ensured by implementing either
multi-level security facilities within each connected
system or secure gateways at the interface between
systems. In either case, security and integrity of
data can be effected by manual/automatic screening,
vetting, and release authorization.
Thirdly, error is minimized by providing the operator
with a uniform set of procedures and information /conversation
mask displays for all systems. Switching between systems
can be facilitated by having all workstations within
a HQ attached to all systems via a local area network
structure.
An Interoperable Network Architecture may be achieved
by using Open Systems Interface model (OSI). Such an
architecture uses hierarchical levels of communication
protocols, and any two systems may be interfaced without
problem at any level due to common protocols. Use
of a common standard also eases maintainability and
expandability of individual networks. Levels of protocols
of an Interoperable Network Architecture are by fig.
3. Typically, point-to-point illustrated.
Figure 3
Interoperating Network Architecture.
connection makes use of only level 1 and 2, while a
distributed CCIS file system uses all seven levels
of protocol.
3. E̲l̲e̲m̲e̲n̲t̲s̲ ̲o̲f̲ ̲I̲n̲t̲e̲g̲r̲a̲t̲e̲d̲ ̲C̲o̲m̲m̲u̲n̲i̲c̲a̲t̲i̲o̲n̲ ̲S̲y̲s̲t̲e̲m̲s̲
Integrated communication is built upon a series of
basic system elements:
a) Back-bone telephone/telegraph or radio-link media
b) Transport Network based on nodal switch processors.
c) Network Control Centers for overall network supervision
and control.
d) Front-End Processors for interface to user workstations.
e) Host Computer Interfaces between communication
systems and information processing systems.
f) Message Processing facilities for handling secure
electronic mail and formatted logistic information.
g) Secure gateways to facilitate transfer of data
between different categories of networks.
The architecture of an integrated communication system
and the hierarctical relation-ship of the elements
are shown in figure 4. Section II of this handbook
describes the realization of these elements of Integrated
Communication Systems.
Figure 4
Integrated Communication System
