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Notes: Air defence System Norway
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NORWEGIAN AIRBASE
AIR DEFENCE SYSTEM
SYSTEM CONCEPT…86…1 …02… …02… …02… …02…
T̲A̲B̲L̲E̲ ̲O̲F̲ ̲C̲O̲N̲T̲E̲N̲T̲S̲
1. SYSTEM OVERVIEW .........................
2. EQUIPMENT FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION ......
2.1 LAUNCHERS AND MISSILES ..................
2.2 HIGH POWER ILLUMINATOR ..................
2.3 BATTERY CONTROL CENTRAL (BCC) ...........
2.4 SEARCH RADARS ...........................
2.5 THE AIRBASE LEVEL COMMAND AND CONTROL UNIT
3. IMPLEMENTATION ...............................
1. S̲Y̲S̲T̲E̲M̲ ̲O̲V̲E̲R̲V̲I̲E̲W̲
The Airbase Air Defence System concept proposed by
Christian Rovsing A/S is centered around equipment
produced by Raytheon for the Improved HAWK Batteries.
The total proposed system architecture is shown in
FIG. 1-1 and consists of:
- three batteries each with Battery Control Central,
Firing Units, Improved High Power Illuminator and
optionally an Improved Continuous Wave Acquisition
Radar. The Battery Control Central is proposed
to be a new development taking into account the
improved ADP features to be installed in the Illuminator
Radar as part of the HAWK PIP3 programme. The BCC
will include ADP facilities, Azimuth-Speed Consoles,
Tactical Control Consoles, and Communications Facilities.
- central airbase Radar equipment poviding data equivalent
to the IHAWK Pulse Acquisition Radar, IFF and Range
only radar, i.e. Range, Azimuth, Moving Target
detection, friend-foe-identification etc.
- communication lines from Central Radar station
to the Batteries for radar data.
- digital communication lines from the three Batteries
to the Data Communication Unit located at the Airbase
Command and Control Unit.
- an Airbase level command and control unit that
supervises and controls all three batteries through
information received from the Data Communication
Unit.
- on overlaying voice communication system.
The system components will be described in the following
subsections in terms of functional requirements.…86…1
…02… …02… …02… …02…
2. E̲Q̲U̲I̲P̲M̲E̲N̲T̲ ̲F̲U̲N̲C̲T̲I̲O̲N̲A̲L̲ ̲S̲P̲E̲C̲I̲F̲I̲C̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲
2.1 L̲A̲U̲N̲C̲H̲E̲R̲S̲ ̲A̲N̲D̲ ̲M̲I̲S̲S̲I̲L̲E̲S̲
IHAWK MIM-23B missiles and associated firing section.
2.2 H̲I̲G̲H̲ ̲P̲O̲W̲E̲R̲ ̲I̲L̲L̲U̲M̲I̲N̲A̲T̲O̲R̲ ̲(̲I̲H̲I̲P̲I̲R̲)̲
The improved HAWK High Power Illuminator is suggested
used together with the built-in NA/MPQ-46 Target Intercept
Computer (TIC). The TIC can act either as an interface
to the Battery Control Central or in a stand alone
mode as back-up. Raytheon is presently working on a
new programme. The IHIPIR will be provided with upgrated
ADP facilities where the interface to thge Battery
Control Central will made as a standard RS 232 C digital
communication line with a simple command format.
2.3 B̲A̲T̲T̲E̲R̲Y̲ ̲C̲O̲N̲T̲R̲O̲L̲ ̲C̲E̲N̲T̲R̲A̲L̲ ̲(̲B̲C̲C̲)̲
The Battery Control Central is one of the focal points
of the Air Defence System. It shall:
o provide an interface to the Search Radars and the
IFF systems.
o provide an interface to the High Power Illuminator
Radars and the firing units.
o provide processing of radar information to identify
targets, assist in selection of targets and issue
firing commands to the firing units.
o provide a man-machine interface to the BCC control
officers for display of situation and receipt of
commands.
Christian Rovsing A/S propose to take advantage of
the upgrated PIP3 IHIPIR and design a new BCC using
modern microprocessor techniques. For this purpose
Christian Rovsing A/S has associated themselves with
a U:S. based company that has off-the-shelf command
and control console systems with a highly intelligent
and flexible man-manchine interface (programmable soft
keyboards, etc.). The company, further, has at its
disposal HAWK simulators that will facilitate a complete
simulation of the Air Defence System including the
search radars.…86…1 …02… …02… …02… …02…
The new BCC will include Tactical Control Consoles
for Firing Unit and IHIPIR control, and Azimuth-speed
Indicator type Consoles for Air Situation Displays.
The Displays and input facilitites will be controlled
from an ADP processor system that can process plots
received from the search radars and inputs from the
IHIPIR's, present and store these data in form of consolidated
Air Tracks, receive and process commands from the BCC
operator personnel, and process BCC status information.
The computer will further have facilities to communicate
with the central (Airbase Battalion Level) Air Defence
Control Room using the NATO ATDL format (Army Tactical
Data Link Format). The implementation of this communication
link will enable the BCC to send all its airtracks
and tracking information, to the Central Control Facilities,
to receive commands to engage or drop targets and further
to receive airtracks from the other BCCs in the area.
The BCC computer will be based on the Christian Rovsing
A/S developed CR80 computer in a special mobile military
version presently being used in the IHAWK Battalion
Operating Centers (the IHAWK ATDL/MBDL converter and
communication computer).
The BCC shall further be equipped with Lehmkuhl radio/telephone
links to the other BCCs and the central airbase station.
The proposed BCC in essense combine facilities from
the IHAWK BCC and ICC (Information Coordination Central).
2.4 S̲E̲A̲R̲C̲H̲ ̲R̲A̲D̲A̲R̲S̲
The Air Defence System must include one or more search
radar systems to search and identify targets. The main
requirements to these radars are:
- search using PARs or CWARs
- IFF identification
- processing of the radar signals to provide plots
with information of position, range, velocity vectar,
IFF.
- ECCM facilities
2.5 T̲H̲E̲ ̲A̲I̲R̲B̲A̲S̲E̲ ̲L̲E̲V̲E̲L̲ ̲C̲O̲M̲M̲A̲N̲D̲ ̲A̲N̲D̲ ̲C̲O̲N̲T̲R̲O̲L̲ ̲U̲N̲I̲T̲ ̲(̲A̲C̲C̲U̲)̲
The ACCU is the Central Air Defence Command and Control
facility. It is assumed that the main command and control
equipment can be based on existing displays in input
equipment, and the set up of this room will require
a detailed analysis of existing facilities and procedures.
It is assumed that the following facilities are/or
are to be supported.
o A link from the ACCU processor to the batteries
in a standard NATO format (NADGE-link 1, HAWK-MBDL
or similar).
o Man-machine interface facilities including displays,
keyboards, function keys, etc.
o ADP processing facilities to plot and track all
air crafts seen by the various radars.
o ADP facilities for automatic or semiautomatic handling
of air raid threats.
o Link to NATO Air Defence System.(NADGE LINK-1)
Depending on the final configuration Christian Rovsing
A/S could propose to include the HAWK ATDL/MBDL converter
as the central digital data communication facility
between the three batteries and the ACCU.
The converter performs the following main functions:
o relays data from the ACCU to the Batteries
o converts the data and command message from the
Battery link format to the ACCU format and vica
versa(in HAWK between ATDL and MBDL).
o analyses the Air Track information from the various
batteries correlates the information and stores
a consolidated set of airtracks for the whole area
(position, hight, speed, raid size etc).
o transmits all air tracks received from one battery
to all the other batteries after consolidation
with the stored tracks to provide all the Batteries
with a complete air picture.
3. I̲M̲P̲L̲E̲M̲E̲N̲T̲A̲T̲I̲O̲N̲ ̲P̲L̲A̲N̲
Christian Rovsing A/S proposes the following set of
actionns:
1. Lehmkuhl/Christian Rovsing/U.S. company makes a
system presentation for LFK within the next few
weeks and explains how this consortium could take
systems Engineering and System Intergration responsibility
for the total project.
2. The consortium provides a total system solution
based on a simulation of the whole system inclusive
the potential Search Radars, IFF System etc. The
simulation will result in a recommendtion from
the consortium to LFK on what equipment to purchase
from Raytheon and which radar is most advantageous.
3. The consortium will then build, intergrate and
deliver as a turn-key operation a total system
using the government furnished radars and the Raytheon
HAWK equipment.
