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DataMuseum.dkPresents historical artifacts from the history of: DKUUG/EUUG Conference tapes |
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top - downloadIndex: ┃ e ┃
Length: 52693 (0xcdd5)
Names: »emacs-5«
└─⟦a0efdde77⟧ Bits:30001252 EUUGD11 Tape, 1987 Spring Conference Helsinki
└─ ⟦this⟧ »EUUGD11/gnu-31mar87/emacs/info/emacs-5«
0x0000…0020 49 6e 66 6f 20 66 69 6c 65 20 65 6d 61 63 73 2c 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 65 78 ┆Info file emacs, produced by tex┆ 0x0020…0040 69 6e 66 6f 2d 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 2d 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 20 20 2d 2a 2d 54 65 78 74 2d 2a 2d 0a ┆info-format-buffer -*-Text-*- ┆ 0x0040…0060 66 72 6f 6d 20 66 69 6c 65 20 65 6d 61 63 73 2e 74 65 78 0a 0a 54 68 69 73 20 66 69 6c 65 20 64 ┆from file emacs.tex This file d┆ 0x0060…0080 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 74 68 65 20 47 4e 55 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 65 64 69 74 6f 72 2e 0a 0a ┆ocuments the GNU Emacs editor. ┆ 0x0080…00a0 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 43 29 20 31 39 38 35 2c 20 31 39 38 36 20 52 69 63 68 61 72 64 ┆Copyright (C) 1985, 1986 Richard┆ 0x00a0…00c0 20 4d 2e 20 53 74 61 6c 6c 6d 61 6e 2e 0a 0a 50 65 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 67 72 61 ┆ M. Stallman. Permission is gra┆ 0x00c0…00e0 6e 74 65 64 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 61 6e 64 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 20 76 65 72 62 ┆nted to make and distribute verb┆ 0x00e0…0100 61 74 69 6d 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 20 6f 66 0a 74 68 69 73 20 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 20 70 72 6f 76 69 ┆atim copies of this manual provi┆ 0x0100…0120 64 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 69 ┆ded the copyright notice and thi┆ 0x0120…0140 73 20 70 65 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 0a 61 72 65 20 70 72 65 73 65 72 76 65 ┆s permission notice are preserve┆ 0x0140…0160 64 20 6f 6e 20 61 6c 6c 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 2e 0a 0a 50 65 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 ┆d on all copies. Permission is ┆ 0x0160…0180 67 72 61 6e 74 65 64 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 70 79 20 61 6e 64 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 20 6d ┆granted to copy and distribute m┆ 0x0180…01a0 6f 64 69 66 69 65 64 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 0a 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 20 ┆odified versions of this manual ┆ 0x01a0…01c0 75 6e 64 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 20 76 65 72 62 61 74 69 ┆under the conditions for verbati┆ 0x01c0…01e0 6d 20 63 6f 70 79 69 6e 67 2c 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 ┆m copying, provided also that th┆ 0x01e0…0200 65 0a 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 65 6e 74 69 74 6c 65 64 20 22 54 68 65 20 47 4e 55 20 4d 61 6e ┆e sections entitled "The GNU Man┆ 0x0200…0220 69 66 65 73 74 6f 22 2c 20 22 44 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e 22 20 61 6e 64 20 22 47 4e 55 ┆ifesto", "Distribution" and "GNU┆ 0x0220…0240 20 45 6d 61 63 73 0a 47 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 63 20 4c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 22 20 61 ┆ Emacs General Public License" a┆ 0x0240…0260 72 65 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 64 20 65 78 61 63 74 6c 79 20 61 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6f 72 ┆re included exactly as in the or┆ 0x0260…0280 69 67 69 6e 61 6c 2c 20 61 6e 64 0a 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e ┆iginal, and provided that the en┆ 0x0280…02a0 74 69 72 65 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 69 6e 67 20 64 65 72 69 76 65 64 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 69 73 20 64 ┆tire resulting derived work is d┆ 0x02a0…02c0 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 20 75 6e 64 65 72 20 74 68 65 0a 74 65 72 6d 73 20 6f 66 20 61 20 ┆istributed under the terms of a ┆ 0x02c0…02e0 70 65 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 20 69 64 65 6e 74 69 63 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 74 ┆permission notice identical to t┆ 0x02e0…0300 68 69 73 20 6f 6e 65 2e 0a 0a 50 65 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 67 72 61 6e 74 65 64 20 ┆his one. Permission is granted ┆ 0x0300…0320 74 6f 20 63 6f 70 79 20 61 6e 64 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 20 74 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 69 ┆to copy and distribute translati┆ 0x0320…0340 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 0a 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 65 72 20 ┆ons of this manual into another ┆ 0x0340…0360 6c 61 6e 67 75 61 67 65 2c 20 75 6e 64 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 61 62 6f 76 65 20 63 6f 6e 64 69 74 ┆language, under the above condit┆ 0x0360…0380 69 6f 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 69 65 64 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 2c 0a 65 78 63 65 ┆ions for modified versions, exce┆ 0x0380…03a0 70 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 65 6e 74 69 74 6c 65 64 20 22 54 ┆pt that the sections entitled "T┆ 0x03a0…03c0 68 65 20 47 4e 55 20 4d 61 6e 69 66 65 73 74 6f 22 2c 20 22 44 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f 6e ┆he GNU Manifesto", "Distribution┆ 0x03c0…03e0 22 0a 61 6e 64 20 22 47 4e 55 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 47 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 63 20 ┆" and "GNU Emacs General Public ┆ 0x03e0…0400 4c 69 63 65 6e 73 65 22 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 20 74 72 ┆License" may be included in a tr┆ 0x0400…0420 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a 61 70 70 72 6f 76 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 ┆anslation approved by the author┆ 0x0420…0440 20 69 6e 73 74 65 61 64 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 6c 20 45 6e 67 6c ┆ instead of in the original Engl┆ 0x0440…0460 69 73 68 2e 0a 0a 1f 0a 46 69 6c 65 3a 20 65 6d 61 63 73 20 20 4e 6f 64 65 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 ┆ish. File: emacs Node: Auto ┆ 0x0460…0480 53 61 76 65 2c 20 50 72 65 76 3a 20 52 65 76 65 72 74 69 6e 67 2c 20 55 70 3a 20 46 69 6c 65 73 ┆Save, Prev: Reverting, Up: Files┆ 0x0480…04a0 2c 20 4e 65 78 74 3a 20 4c 69 73 74 44 69 72 0a 0a 41 75 74 6f 2d 53 61 76 69 6e 67 3a 20 50 72 ┆, Next: ListDir Auto-Saving: Pr┆ 0x04a0…04c0 6f 74 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 41 67 61 69 6e 73 74 20 44 69 73 61 73 74 65 72 73 0a 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d ┆otection Against Disasters =====┆ 0x04c0…04e0 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d ┆================================┆ 0x04e0…0500 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a 0a 20 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 73 61 76 65 73 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20 76 69 73 69 ┆==== Emacs saves all the visi┆ 0x0500…0520 74 65 64 20 66 69 6c 65 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 69 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 74 69 6d 65 20 28 62 61 73 ┆ted files from time to time (bas┆ 0x0520…0540 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 69 6e 67 0a 79 6f 75 72 20 6b 65 79 73 74 72 6f 6b 65 73 29 20 ┆ed on counting your keystrokes) ┆ 0x0540…0560 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 62 65 69 6e 67 20 61 73 6b 65 64 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 63 61 ┆without being asked. This is ca┆ 0x0560…0580 6c 6c 65 64 20 22 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 22 2e 0a 49 74 20 70 72 65 76 65 6e 74 73 20 ┆lled "auto-saving". It prevents ┆ 0x0580…05a0 79 6f 75 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 6c 6f 73 69 6e 67 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 61 20 6c 69 6d 69 ┆you from losing more than a limi┆ 0x05a0…05c0 74 65 64 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 69 66 20 74 68 65 0a 73 79 73 74 65 6d ┆ted amount of work if the system┆ 0x05c0…05e0 20 63 72 61 73 68 65 73 2e 0a 0a 20 20 57 68 65 6e 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 64 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e ┆ crashes. When Emacs determin┆ 0x05e0…0600 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 74 69 6d 65 20 66 6f 72 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 ┆es that it is time for auto-savi┆ 0x0600…0620 6e 67 2c 20 65 61 63 68 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 69 73 0a 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 65 72 65 64 2c 20 61 ┆ng, each buffer is considered, a┆ 0x0620…0640 6e 64 20 69 73 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 64 20 69 66 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 ┆nd is auto-saved if auto-saving ┆ 0x0640…0660 69 73 20 74 75 72 6e 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 69 74 20 61 6e 64 20 69 74 20 68 61 73 0a 62 ┆is turned on for it and it has b┆ 0x0660…0680 65 65 6e 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 64 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 73 74 20 74 69 6d 65 20 ┆een changed since the last time ┆ 0x0680…06a0 69 74 20 77 61 73 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 64 2e 20 20 49 66 20 61 6e 79 20 61 75 74 6f 2d ┆it was auto-saved. If any auto-┆ 0x06a0…06c0 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 69 73 0a 64 6f 6e 65 2c 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 73 73 61 67 65 20 60 41 75 74 ┆saving is done, the message `Aut┆ 0x06c0…06e0 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 2e 2e 2e 27 20 69 73 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 ┆o-saving...' is displayed in the┆ 0x06e0…0700 20 65 63 68 6f 20 61 72 65 61 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 0a 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 ┆ echo area until auto-saving is ┆ 0x0700…0720 66 69 6e 69 73 68 65 64 2e 20 20 45 72 72 6f 72 73 20 6f 63 63 75 72 72 69 6e 67 20 64 75 72 69 ┆finished. Errors occurring duri┆ 0x0720…0740 6e 67 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 61 72 65 20 63 61 75 67 68 74 0a 73 6f 20 74 68 61 ┆ng auto-saving are caught so tha┆ 0x0740…0760 74 20 74 68 65 79 20 64 6f 20 6e 6f 74 20 69 6e 74 65 72 66 65 72 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 ┆t they do not interfere with the┆ 0x0760…0780 20 65 78 65 63 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 73 20 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 65 20 ┆ execution of commands you have ┆ 0x0780…07a0 62 65 65 6e 0a 74 79 70 69 6e 67 2e 0a 0a 2a 20 4d 65 6e 75 3a 0a 0a 2a 20 46 69 6c 65 73 3a 20 ┆been typing. * Menu: * Files: ┆ 0x07a0…07c0 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 20 46 69 6c 65 73 2e 0a 2a 20 43 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 3a 20 41 75 74 6f ┆Auto Save Files. * Control: Auto┆ 0x07c0…07e0 20 53 61 76 65 20 43 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 2e 0a 2a 20 52 65 63 6f 76 65 72 3a 3a 09 09 52 65 63 6f ┆ Save Control. * Recover:: Reco┆ 0x07e0…0800 76 65 72 69 6e 67 20 74 65 78 74 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 73 ┆vering text from auto-save files┆ 0x0800…0820 2e 0a 0a 1f 0a 46 69 6c 65 3a 20 65 6d 61 63 73 20 20 4e 6f 64 65 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 ┆. File: emacs Node: Auto Sav┆ 0x0820…0840 65 20 46 69 6c 65 73 2c 20 50 72 65 76 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 2c 20 55 70 3a 20 41 75 ┆e Files, Prev: Auto Save, Up: Au┆ 0x0840…0860 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 2c 20 4e 65 78 74 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 20 43 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c ┆to Save, Next: Auto Save Control┆ 0x0860…0880 0a 0a 41 75 74 6f 2d 53 61 76 65 20 46 69 6c 65 73 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d ┆ Auto-Save Files --------------┆ 0x0880…08a0 2d 0a 0a 20 20 41 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 6e 6f 72 6d 61 6c ┆- Auto-saving does not normal┆ 0x08a0…08c0 6c 79 20 73 61 76 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 6c 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 79 6f 75 20 76 69 ┆ly save in the files that you vi┆ 0x08c0…08e0 73 69 74 65 64 2c 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 0a 69 74 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 76 65 72 79 20 75 6e ┆sited, because it can be very un┆ 0x08e0…0900 64 65 73 69 72 61 62 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 73 61 76 65 20 61 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 68 61 74 ┆desirable to save a program that┆ 0x0900…0920 20 69 73 20 69 6e 20 61 6e 20 69 6e 63 6f 6e 73 69 73 74 65 6e 74 0a 73 74 61 74 65 20 77 68 65 ┆ is in an inconsistent state whe┆ 0x0920…0940 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 65 20 6d 61 64 65 20 68 61 6c 66 20 6f 66 20 61 20 70 6c 61 6e 6e 65 ┆n you have made half of a planne┆ 0x0940…0960 64 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 2e 20 20 49 6e 73 74 65 61 64 2c 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 0a ┆d change. Instead, auto-saving ┆ 0x0960…0980 69 73 20 64 6f 6e 65 20 69 6e 20 61 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 66 69 6c 65 20 63 61 6c 6c ┆is done in a different file call┆ 0x0980…09a0 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 22 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 22 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 ┆ed the "auto-save file", and the┆ 0x09a0…09c0 0a 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 66 69 6c 65 20 69 73 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 64 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 77 68 ┆ visited file is changed only wh┆ 0x09c0…09e0 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 72 65 71 75 65 73 74 20 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 65 78 70 6c 69 63 69 74 6c 79 ┆en you request saving explicitly┆ 0x09e0…0a00 20 28 73 75 63 68 20 61 73 0a 77 69 74 68 20 60 43 2d 78 20 43 2d 73 27 29 2e 0a 0a 20 20 4e 6f ┆ (such as with `C-x C-s'). No┆ 0x0a00…0a20 72 6d 61 6c 6c 79 2c 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 ┆rmally, the auto-save file name ┆ 0x0a20…0a40 69 73 20 6d 61 64 65 20 62 79 20 61 70 70 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 60 23 27 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 0a ┆is made by appending `#' to the ┆ 0x0a40…0a60 66 72 6f 6e 74 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 61 72 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 66 69 ┆front and rear of the visited fi┆ 0x0a60…0a80 6c 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 2e 20 20 54 68 75 73 2c 20 61 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 76 69 73 69 74 69 6e ┆le name. Thus, a buffer visitin┆ 0x0a80…0aa0 67 20 66 69 6c 65 0a 60 66 6f 6f 2e 63 27 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 ┆g file `foo.c' would be auto-sav┆ 0x0aa0…0ac0 65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 20 66 69 6c 65 20 60 23 66 6f 6f 2e 63 23 27 2e 20 20 4d 6f 73 74 20 62 75 ┆ed in a file `#foo.c#'. Most bu┆ 0x0ac0…0ae0 66 66 65 72 73 0a 74 68 61 74 20 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 76 69 73 69 74 69 6e 67 20 66 69 6c 65 ┆ffers that are not visiting file┆ 0x0ae0…0b00 73 20 61 72 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 64 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 72 65 71 ┆s are auto-saved only if you req┆ 0x0b00…0b20 75 65 73 74 20 69 74 0a 65 78 70 6c 69 63 69 74 6c 79 3b 20 77 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 79 20 61 72 ┆uest it explicitly; when they ar┆ 0x0b20…0b40 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 64 2c 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 ┆e auto-saved, the auto-save file┆ 0x0b40…0b60 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 69 73 20 6d 61 64 65 20 62 79 0a 61 70 70 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 60 23 25 27 20 ┆ name is made by appending `#%' ┆ 0x0b60…0b80 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 66 72 6f 6e 74 20 61 6e 64 20 60 23 27 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 61 72 ┆to the front and `#' to the rear┆ 0x0b80…0ba0 20 6f 66 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 6e 61 6d 65 2e 0a 46 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 74 68 ┆ of buffer name. For example, th┆ 0x0ba0…0bc0 65 20 60 2a 6d 61 69 6c 2a 27 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 69 6e 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 79 6f 75 20 63 ┆e `*mail*' buffer in which you c┆ 0x0bc0…0be0 6f 6d 70 6f 73 65 20 6d 65 73 73 61 67 65 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 0a 73 65 6e 74 20 69 73 20 61 75 ┆ompose messages to be sent is au┆ 0x0be0…0c00 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 20 66 69 6c 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 64 20 60 23 25 2a 6d 61 69 ┆to-saved in a file named `#%*mai┆ 0x0c00…0c20 6c 2a 23 27 2e 20 20 41 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 73 0a 61 72 65 20 ┆l*#'. Auto-save file names are ┆ 0x0c20…0c40 6d 61 64 65 20 74 68 69 73 20 77 61 79 20 75 6e 6c 65 73 73 20 79 6f 75 20 72 65 70 72 6f 67 72 ┆made this way unless you reprogr┆ 0x0c40…0c60 61 6d 20 70 61 72 74 73 20 6f 66 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 74 6f 20 64 6f 20 73 6f 6d 65 74 68 69 6e ┆am parts of Emacs to do somethin┆ 0x0c60…0c80 67 0a 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 28 74 68 65 20 66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 60 6d 61 6b 65 ┆g different (the functions `make┆ 0x0c80…0ca0 2d 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 2d 66 69 6c 65 2d 6e 61 6d 65 27 20 61 6e 64 0a 60 61 75 74 6f 2d ┆-auto-save-file-name' and `auto-┆ 0x0ca0…0cc0 73 61 76 65 2d 66 69 6c 65 2d 6e 61 6d 65 2d 70 27 29 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 6e 61 ┆save-file-name-p'). The file na┆ 0x0cc0…0ce0 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 75 73 65 64 20 66 6f 72 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 0a 69 6e ┆me to be used for auto-saving in┆ 0x0ce0…0d00 20 61 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 69 73 20 63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 74 65 64 20 77 68 65 6e 20 61 75 74 ┆ a buffer is calculated when aut┆ 0x0d00…0d20 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 74 75 72 6e 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 68 61 74 20 62 75 ┆o-saving is turned on in that bu┆ 0x0d20…0d40 66 66 65 72 2e 0a 0a 20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 ┆ffer. If you want auto-saving┆ 0x0d40…0d60 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 64 6f 6e 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 66 69 6c 65 2c ┆ to be done in the visited file,┆ 0x0d60…0d80 20 73 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 0a 60 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 2d 76 69 73 ┆ set the variable `auto-save-vis┆ 0x0d80…0da0 69 74 65 64 2d 66 69 6c 65 2d 6e 61 6d 65 27 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 6e 6f 6e 2d 60 6e 69 6c 27 2e ┆ited-file-name' to be non-`nil'.┆ 0x0da0…0dc0 20 20 49 6e 20 74 68 69 73 20 6d 6f 64 65 2c 0a 74 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 72 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 ┆ In this mode, there is really ┆ 0x0dc0…0de0 6e 6f 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e ┆no difference between auto-savin┆ 0x0de0…0e00 67 20 61 6e 64 20 65 78 70 6c 69 63 69 74 20 73 61 76 69 6e 67 2e 0a 0a 20 20 41 20 62 75 66 66 ┆g and explicit saving. A buff┆ 0x0e00…0e20 65 72 27 73 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 69 73 20 64 65 6c 65 74 65 64 20 77 ┆er's auto-save file is deleted w┆ 0x0e20…0e40 68 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 20 73 61 76 65 20 74 68 65 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 69 6e 20 69 74 73 0a 76 ┆hen you save the buffer in its v┆ 0x0e40…0e60 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 66 69 6c 65 2e 20 20 54 6f 20 69 6e 68 69 62 69 74 20 74 68 69 73 2c 20 73 ┆isited file. To inhibit this, s┆ 0x0e60…0e80 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 20 60 64 65 6c 65 74 65 2d 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 ┆et the variable `delete-auto-sav┆ 0x0e80…0ea0 65 2d 66 69 6c 65 73 27 0a 74 6f 20 60 6e 69 6c 27 2e 20 20 43 68 61 6e 67 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 ┆e-files' to `nil'. Changing the┆ 0x0ea0…0ec0 20 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 66 69 6c 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 60 43 2d 78 20 43 2d 77 ┆ visited file name with `C-x C-w┆ 0x0ec0…0ee0 27 20 6f 72 0a 60 73 65 74 2d 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 2d 66 69 6c 65 2d 6e 61 6d 65 27 20 72 65 6e ┆' or `set-visited-file-name' ren┆ 0x0ee0…0f00 61 6d 65 73 20 61 6e 79 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 67 6f 20 77 69 ┆ames any auto-save file to go wi┆ 0x0f00…0f20 74 68 0a 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 6e 61 6d 65 2e 0a 0a 1f 0a 46 69 6c 65 ┆th the new visited name. File┆ 0x0f20…0f40 3a 20 65 6d 61 63 73 20 20 4e 6f 64 65 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 20 43 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c ┆: emacs Node: Auto Save Control┆ 0x0f40…0f60 2c 20 50 72 65 76 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 20 46 69 6c 65 73 2c 20 55 70 3a 20 41 75 74 ┆, Prev: Auto Save Files, Up: Aut┆ 0x0f60…0f80 6f 20 53 61 76 65 2c 20 4e 65 78 74 3a 20 52 65 63 6f 76 65 72 0a 0a 43 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c 69 ┆o Save, Next: Recover Controlli┆ 0x0f80…0fa0 6e 67 20 41 75 74 6f 2d 53 61 76 69 6e 67 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d ┆ng Auto-Saving -----------------┆ 0x0fa0…0fc0 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a 20 20 45 61 63 68 20 74 69 6d 65 20 79 6f 75 20 76 69 73 69 74 20 61 20 ┆------ Each time you visit a ┆ 0x0fc0…0fe0 66 69 6c 65 2c 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 74 75 72 6e 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 66 ┆file, auto-saving is turned on f┆ 0x0fe0…1000 6f 72 20 74 68 61 74 20 66 69 6c 65 27 73 0a 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 72 ┆or that file's buffer if the var┆ 0x1000…1020 69 61 62 6c 65 20 60 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 2d 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 27 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 6e ┆iable `auto-save-default' is non┆ 0x1020…1040 2d 60 6e 69 6c 27 20 28 62 75 74 20 6e 6f 74 0a 69 6e 20 62 61 74 63 68 20 6d 6f 64 65 3b 20 2a ┆-`nil' (but not in batch mode; *┆ 0x1040…1060 4e 6f 74 65 20 45 6e 74 65 72 69 6e 67 20 45 6d 61 63 73 3a 3a 29 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 64 65 66 ┆Note Entering Emacs::). The def┆ 0x1060…1080 61 75 6c 74 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 69 73 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 20 69 73 0a 60 74 27 2c 20 73 ┆ault for this variable is `t', s┆ 0x1080…10a0 6f 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 75 73 75 61 6c 20 70 72 61 63 74 ┆o auto-saving is the usual pract┆ 0x10a0…10c0 69 63 65 20 66 6f 72 20 66 69 6c 65 2d 76 69 73 69 74 69 6e 67 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 73 2e 0a 41 ┆ice for file-visiting buffers. A┆ 0x10c0…10e0 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 74 75 72 6e 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 6f 72 20 6f ┆uto-saving can be turned on or o┆ 0x10e0…1100 66 66 20 66 6f 72 20 61 6e 79 20 65 78 69 73 74 69 6e 67 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 20 77 69 74 68 20 ┆ff for any existing buffer with ┆ 0x1100…1120 74 68 65 0a 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 60 4d 2d 78 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 2d 6d 6f 64 65 27 ┆the command `M-x auto-save-mode'┆ 0x1120…1140 2e 20 20 4c 69 6b 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6d 69 6e 6f 72 20 6d 6f 64 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 ┆. Like other minor mode command┆ 0x1140…1160 73 2c 20 60 4d 2d 78 0a 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 2d 6d 6f 64 65 27 20 74 75 72 6e 73 20 61 75 ┆s, `M-x auto-save-mode' turns au┆ 0x1160…1180 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 70 6f 73 69 74 69 76 65 20 61 72 67 ┆to-saving on with a positive arg┆ 0x1180…11a0 75 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 6f 66 66 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 0a 7a 65 72 6f 20 6f 72 20 6e 65 67 61 74 69 ┆ument, off with a zero or negati┆ 0x11a0…11c0 76 65 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 3b 20 77 69 74 68 20 6e 6f 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 69 ┆ve argument; with no argument, i┆ 0x11c0…11e0 74 20 74 6f 67 67 6c 65 73 2e 0a 0a 20 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 64 6f 65 73 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 ┆t toggles. Emacs does auto-sa┆ 0x11e0…1200 76 69 6e 67 20 70 65 72 69 6f 64 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 62 61 73 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 ┆ving periodically based on count┆ 0x1200…1220 69 6e 67 20 68 6f 77 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 73 0a 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 65 ┆ing how many characters you have┆ 0x1220…1240 20 74 79 70 65 64 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 73 74 20 74 69 6d 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d ┆ typed since the last time auto-┆ 0x1240…1260 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 77 61 73 20 64 6f 6e 65 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 0a 60 ┆saving was done. The variable `┆ 0x1260…1280 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 2d 69 6e 74 65 72 76 61 6c 27 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 73 20 68 6f ┆auto-save-interval' specifies ho┆ 0x1280…12a0 77 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 73 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 62 65 74 77 ┆w many characters there are betw┆ 0x12a0…12c0 65 65 6e 0a 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 73 2e 20 20 42 79 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 2c 20 69 74 20 ┆een auto-saves. By default, it ┆ 0x12c0…12e0 69 73 20 33 30 30 2e 20 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 73 20 77 ┆is 300. Emacs also auto-saves w┆ 0x12e0…1300 68 65 6e 65 76 65 72 20 79 6f 75 0a 63 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20 66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 60 64 ┆henever you call the function `d┆ 0x1300…1320 6f 2d 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 27 2e 0a 0a 20 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 64 6f 65 73 ┆o-auto-save'. Emacs also does┆ 0x1320…1340 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 77 68 65 6e 65 76 65 72 20 69 74 20 67 65 74 73 20 61 20 ┆ auto-saving whenever it gets a ┆ 0x1340…1360 66 61 74 61 6c 20 65 72 72 6f 72 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 0a 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 73 20 6b 69 6c 6c ┆fatal error. This includes kill┆ 0x1360…1380 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 45 6d 61 63 73 20 6a 6f 62 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 73 68 65 6c 6c 20 63 ┆ing the Emacs job with a shell c┆ 0x1380…13a0 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 73 75 63 68 20 61 73 20 60 6b 69 6c 6c 0a 25 65 6d 61 63 73 27 2c 20 6f 72 ┆ommand such as `kill %emacs', or┆ 0x13a0…13c0 20 64 69 73 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6e 67 20 61 20 70 68 6f 6e 65 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 6f 72 20 6e ┆ disconnecting a phone line or n┆ 0x13c0…13e0 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 0a 0a 1f 0a 46 69 6c 65 3a 20 65 6d 61 63 ┆etwork connection. File: emac┆ 0x13e0…1400 73 20 20 4e 6f 64 65 3a 20 52 65 63 6f 76 65 72 2c 20 50 72 65 76 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 ┆s Node: Recover, Prev: Auto Sav┆ 0x1400…1420 65 20 43 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 2c 20 55 70 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 0a 0a 52 65 63 6f 76 65 ┆e Control, Up: Auto Save Recove┆ 0x1420…1440 72 69 6e 67 20 44 61 74 61 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 41 75 74 6f 2d 53 61 76 65 73 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d ┆ring Data from Auto-Saves ------┆ 0x1440…1460 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0a 0a 20 20 54 68 65 ┆------------------------- The┆ 0x1460…1480 20 77 61 79 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 20 6f 66 20 61 6e 20 61 ┆ way to use the contents of an a┆ 0x1480…14a0 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 ┆uto-save file to recover from a ┆ 0x14a0…14c0 6c 6f 73 73 0a 6f 66 20 64 61 74 61 20 69 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 ┆loss of data is with the command┆ 0x14c0…14e0 20 60 4d 2d 78 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 2d 66 69 6c 65 20 52 45 54 20 46 49 4c 45 20 52 45 54 27 ┆ `M-x recover-file RET FILE RET'┆ 0x14e0…1500 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 76 69 73 69 74 73 0a 46 49 4c 45 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 6e 20 28 61 66 ┆. This visits FILE and then (af┆ 0x1500…1520 74 65 72 20 79 6f 75 72 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 29 20 72 65 73 74 6f 72 65 73 20 ┆ter your confirmation) restores ┆ 0x1520…1540 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 69 74 73 0a 61 75 74 6f 2d ┆the contents from from its auto-┆ 0x1540…1560 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 60 23 46 49 4c 45 23 27 2e 20 20 59 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 74 68 65 ┆save file `#FILE#'. You can the┆ 0x1560…1580 6e 20 73 61 76 65 20 77 69 74 68 20 60 43 2d 78 20 43 2d 73 27 20 74 6f 20 70 75 74 20 74 68 65 ┆n save with `C-x C-s' to put the┆ 0x1580…15a0 0a 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 20 74 65 78 74 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 46 49 4c 45 20 69 74 73 65 6c 66 ┆ recovered text into FILE itself┆ 0x15a0…15c0 2e 20 20 46 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 74 6f 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 20 66 69 6c 65 20 ┆. For example, to recover file ┆ 0x15c0…15e0 60 66 6f 6f 2e 63 27 20 66 72 6f 6d 0a 69 74 73 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 ┆`foo.c' from its auto-save file ┆ 0x15e0…1600 60 23 66 6f 6f 2e 63 23 27 2c 20 64 6f 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 4d 2d 78 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 ┆`#foo.c#', do: M-x recover┆ 0x1600…1620 2d 66 69 6c 65 20 52 45 54 20 66 6f 6f 2e 63 20 52 45 54 0a 20 20 20 20 20 43 2d 78 20 43 2d 73 ┆-file RET foo.c RET C-x C-s┆ 0x1620…1640 0a 0a 20 20 42 65 66 6f 72 65 20 61 73 6b 69 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 72 6d 61 74 69 ┆ Before asking for confirmati┆ 0x1640…1660 6f 6e 2c 20 60 4d 2d 78 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 2d 66 69 6c 65 27 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 73 20 ┆on, `M-x recover-file' displays ┆ 0x1660…1680 61 0a 64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72 79 20 6c 69 73 74 69 6e 67 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 62 69 6e 67 20 74 ┆a directory listing describing t┆ 0x1680…16a0 68 65 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 64 20 66 69 6c 65 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 ┆he specified file and the auto-s┆ 0x16a0…16c0 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 2c 0a 73 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 72 65 20 74 68 65 ┆ave file, so you can compare the┆ 0x16c0…16e0 69 72 20 73 69 7a 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 64 61 74 65 73 2e 20 20 49 66 20 74 68 65 20 61 75 74 6f ┆ir sizes and dates. If the auto┆ 0x16e0…1700 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 0a 69 73 20 6f 6c 64 65 72 2c 20 60 4d 2d 78 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 ┆-save file is older, `M-x recove┆ 0x1700…1720 72 2d 66 69 6c 65 27 20 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 6f 66 66 65 72 20 74 6f 20 72 65 61 64 20 69 ┆r-file' does not offer to read i┆ 0x1720…1740 74 2e 0a 0a 20 20 41 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 64 69 73 61 62 6c 65 64 20 62 79 ┆t. Auto-saving is disabled by┆ 0x1740…1760 20 60 4d 2d 78 20 72 65 63 6f 76 65 72 2d 66 69 6c 65 27 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 75 73 69 6e ┆ `M-x recover-file' because usin┆ 0x1760…1780 67 0a 74 68 69 73 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 20 69 6d 70 6c 69 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 ┆g this command implies that the ┆ 0x1780…17a0 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 20 66 69 6c 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 73 20 76 61 6c 75 61 62 6c 65 ┆auto-save file contains valuable┆ 0x17a0…17c0 20 64 61 74 61 0a 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 70 61 73 74 20 73 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 49 66 20 79 ┆ data from a past session. If y┆ 0x17c0…17e0 6f 75 20 73 61 76 65 20 74 68 65 20 64 61 74 61 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 76 69 73 69 74 65 64 20 ┆ou save the data in the visited ┆ 0x17e0…1800 66 69 6c 65 20 61 6e 64 0a 74 68 65 6e 20 67 6f 20 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 6e 65 77 20 ┆file and then go on to make new ┆ 0x1800…1820 63 68 61 6e 67 65 73 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 74 75 72 6e 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 ┆changes, you should turn auto-sa┆ 0x1820…1840 76 69 6e 67 20 62 61 63 6b 20 6f 6e 0a 77 69 74 68 20 60 4d 2d 78 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 73 61 76 65 ┆ving back on with `M-x auto-save┆ 0x1840…1860 2d 6d 6f 64 65 27 2e 0a 0a 1f 0a 46 69 6c 65 3a 20 65 6d 61 63 73 20 20 4e 6f 64 65 3a 20 4c 69 ┆-mode'. File: emacs Node: Li┆ 0x1860…1880 73 74 44 69 72 2c 20 50 72 65 76 3a 20 41 75 74 6f 20 53 61 76 65 2c 20 55 70 3a 20 46 69 6c 65 ┆stDir, Prev: Auto Save, Up: File┆ 0x1880…18a0 73 2c 20 4e 65 78 74 3a 20 44 69 72 65 64 0a 0a 4c 69 73 74 69 6e 67 20 61 20 46 69 6c 65 20 44 ┆s, Next: Dired Listing a File D┆ 0x18a0…18c0 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72 79 0a 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d ┆irectory =======================┆ 0x18c0…18e0 3d 0a 0a 20 20 46 69 6c 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 63 6c 61 73 73 69 66 69 65 64 20 62 79 20 55 6e 69 ┆= Files are classified by Uni┆ 0x18e0…1900 78 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 22 64 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72 69 65 73 22 2e 20 20 41 20 22 64 69 72 65 63 74 ┆x into "directories". A "direct┆ 0x1900…1920 6f 72 79 0a 6c 69 73 74 69 6e 67 22 20 69 73 20 61 20 6c 69 73 74 20 6f 66 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 ┆ory listing" is a list of all th┆ […truncated at 200 lines…]