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Length: 14943 (0x3a5f)
Types: TextFile
Names: »go.doc«
└─⟦b20c6495f⟧ Bits:30007238 EUUGD18: Wien-båndet, efterår 1987
└─⟦this⟧ »EUUGD18/X/Xgo/go.doc«
GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
NAME
go, xgo - the oriental game of go
SYNOPSIS
go user[@host]
xgo user[@host]
DESCRIPTION
_▶08◀G_▶08◀o is an ancient oriental strategy game based on the captur-
ing of territory. The players alternate putting stones on
the board, trying to gain as much territory as possible.
Many different rules and variants apply to the game of go,
in both the play and the scoring, so this program contains
most of the standard concepts of Go, but not all of them.
If you do not know how to play, it may help to find someone
who does (look at the file goplayers ) and have him or her
explain.
WHAT TO DO
In the text version, the standard rogue keys [hjklyubn] are
used for cursor movement and the space bar selects a point.
[?] will give a short help list for further commands. In
the X version, the mouse is used and any button selects a
point. Command buttons exist within the window to execute
the appropriate commands. When a command is inappropriate
at the given time, the game will beep when the action is
taken.
The exit option exits the game at any time. [CTRL-C] will
leave as well in either version. In the X version the cur-
sor must be in the window that ran the program.
In the text version, a [*] indicates which player you are by
appearing next to the player status at the bottom of the
screen. In the X version, your message window (the top one)
indicates which player you are. Either player can switch
which player he is by selecting the switch command.
When the game begins, both players have the option of set-
ting up the handicap until play begins. Selecting a point
on the board puts a black piece down or takes it away if
there is already one there. After setting up the handicap,
either player can select the play option to begin the game.
NOTE- the program keeps track of your respective strengths
in a file in your home directory called ~/.go_strength. It
contains two values separated by a space and followed by a
carriage return.
The first value is your strength, starting at 30kyu = value
0, and working down to 1 kyu = value 29. Higher values
represent dan level players. The second value is the number
Sun Release 3.2 Last change: 10 February 1988 1
GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
of games won (if positive), or the number of games lost (if
negative).
Currently the program takes the difference in the player
strengths to determine handicap stones. For each point
difference, one handicap stone is given to the weaker player
on a 19x19 board. Smaller boards reduce this handicap pro-
portionally. After the player wins or looses several games
in a row, his rank changes accordingly.
Note: you can set your rank with command line options.
If any player does not like his rank, the handicap stones
may be changed manually, as well as your rank.
Play begins with black if no handicap stones are put down,
otherwise play begins with white. Afterwards, play alter-
nates until the end of the game. The last move can be shown
by selecting the Last command.
When a player thinks the game is over, he may select the
score option. This will enable scoring and both players can
remove the dead groups from the board. If either player
disagrees with the scoring and/or wishes to resume play, the
cancel option returns the game to the state just before
scoring and play resumes as before. The player whose turn
it was when scoring began resumes his turn. If both players
agree to scoring, the quit option should be selected by
either player. The other player will be queried to make
sure he agrees with the scoring, the the program will print
the resulting score.
Another way to leave the game is via the resign option.
When a player resigns, the other player is automatically
declared a winner and the score files are updated.
OPTIONS
none Print out the options and a short explanation of
each.
h Print out this help file for go.
d Set the display to a remote display. Use this com-
mand if you rlogin from a console onto a remote
display before playing. If you rlogin to a remote
sun to play, type ``xgo -d <your-display:0>
user@host'' to have the board appear on your screen.
p Set the port to the specified port number. This is
so the connection can be forced to a free port if
several programs are running at once.
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GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
s Set the size of the board to a value from 7 to 19.
If both players select a size, the smaller board
will be used.
m Set the demonstration mode. With this you can add
and remove stones, having them capture groups and so
forth for instructional purposes. Each mouse button
and the '1' and '2' keys set different stones on the
board.
b Turn on beep mode. The program will beep the termi-
nal when a message comes across or a play is made.
This is useful if the game is slow and you aren't
watching the game every moment.
H Set the number of handicap stones to the value
specified. If both players select a different han-
dicap, the larger value will be used.
c Suppress the opening message and enter the game
directly.
r Give the program's approximation of your rank and
wins.
R Modify your current rank. ``go -R 5 k`` would set
your rank to 5 kyu (amateur). ``go -R 5 d`` would
set your rank to 5 dan (middle ranks). ``go -R 5
p`` would set your rank to 5 professional dan
(highest ranks). ``go -R +`` would increase your
rank by one. ``go -R -`` would decrease your rank
by one. The lowest rank is 30 kyu, climbing to 1
kyu. Then you become 1 dan, increasing to 9 dan.
Lastly, the professional ranks go from 1 to 9 pro-
fessional dan.
l Load a file. ``-l filename'' will load a saved
file. The format is as follows: all numbers are
separated by spaces. The first value is the board
size (7-19). The next is the current player (0-
1=b/w). Then a `#' delimits the board info on a
line by itself. Following are rows of the board
with a newline at the end of each. At the end of
the rows is another `#' on a new line. Then the
captured black, captured white, cursor x and y posi-
tions follow. The file will be saved as
go.save.[opponent player name]. For now, you can
not run go without the other process. Sample files
and problems are in the same directory as the pro-
gram in the subdirectory go.samples.
Sun Release 3.2 Last change: 10 February 1988 3
GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
ABOUT THE GAME
In the rest of this document, [O] refers to white or player
two, and [@] refers to black or player one.
Some general rules are common. First of all, liberties are
the free points horizontally or vertically adjacent to a
group. In the following examples, white has 0,1,2,3,4,5,
and 6 liberties respectively:
(l = liberty, normally a [.])
(# = out of bounds)
#. @ . #. @ . #. @ . #. @ . #. l .
#@ O @ #@ O l #l O l #l O l #l O l
#. @ . #. @ . #. @ . #. l . #. l .
###### ###### ###### ###### ######
#. l @ . #. l l .
#l O O l #l O O l
#. l l . #. l l .
######## ########
During play, you are not allowed to play a point when your
corresponding group will have no liberties at the end of
your turn.
When the last liberty of a group is taken away, it is cap-
tured. These captured stones count one point at the end of
the game.
(@ plays at 1)
#. . . . . #. . . . .
#. @ @ @ . #. @ @ @ .
#@ O O O 1 ---> #@ . . . @
#. @ @ @ . #. @ @ @ .
#. . . . . #. . . . .
########## ##########
A territory which can not be saved does not have to be
removed from the board before the end of the game. The sur-
rounding player can remove the stones during scoring mode at
the end of the game without having to play it out.
In these examples, white owns the territory surrounded
unconditionally. Black can not fill in the last point of
either hole since he will not capture any stones in the pro-
cess. Some of the points may be filled, but white will
eventually capture the black stones no matter what black
does. If black does try this, white will simply wait and
gain points by passing.
#. . . . . . . . . #. . . . . . . . .
Sun Release 3.2 Last change: 10 February 1988 4
GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
#. . . . . . . . . #. . . . . . . . .
#@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ . #. . . . . . . . .
#O O O O O O O @ . #@ @ @ @ . . . . .
#. . * O . . O @ . #O O O @ . . . . .
#. . O O . . O @ . #O . O @ . . . . .
#. . . O . . O @ . #. O O @ . . . . .
################## ##################
In these examples, white does not own the territory because
black can fill in the remaining points and kill white. It
is important to understand that black will lose one or two
pieces in the second example, but will succeed in the end.
#. . . . . . #. . . . . .
#. . . . . . #. . . . . .
#@ @ @ @ . . #@ @ @ @ @ .
#O O O @ . . #O O O O @ .
#. . O @ . . #. @ . O @ .
############ ############
In this example, if white goes first and plays the center
point, he will have what is known as a cats eye and will be
safe. If black goes first and plays this point, white is
dead.
#. . . . . .
#. . . . . .
#@ @ @ @ @ .
#O O O O @ .
#. . . O @ .
############
In all cases where a group like these can be considered
dead, they can be removed from the board at the end of the
game without further play. This of course excludes cases
where the external group will die before it has a chance to
kill the internal group.
Another common situation is as follows:
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. O O @ @ .
. O . O @ .
. O O @ @ .
. . . . . .
If black plays the empty space capturing white, white can
then capture black, etc. This can go on forever. This
situation is a KO, and white is not allowed to take black
immediately. White MUST play somewhere else, then if black
does not fill the KO, white can then try to take it, then
Sun Release 3.2 Last change: 10 February 1988 5
GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
black must play somewhere else. Sooner or later, someone
should fill it before scoring is done.
If there is any debate whether territory is owned by a
player, just play further and the winner will prevail.
A good strategy in the beginning is to try to build stable
structures. When something is stable, you can attack
appendages to it and expand safely. For beginners, one big
strong group is better than several spread out vulnerable
groups.
Later, try to spread out: place one or two pieces in open
territory to obtain influence over that section of the
board. Good Go players need only to put one piece near a
corner to know that they have a good chance of owning it
later.
At the end of the game when scoring, each captured stone is
worth one point, and each point you own is one point. The
player with the most points wins. The procedure is to erase
all groups both players agree have no chance of surviving.
If at any time a disagreement occurs, either player can can-
cel scoring and continue the game at the point before scor-
ing occurred.
When all scoring is complete, both players must agree to
quit and the game with print out the score.
As a final note, I highly reccommend that you purchase
literature on go if you plan on enjoying the game to its
fullest. To pass through the lower levels swiftly and
correctly, I STRONGLY recommend the _Graded Go Problems for
Beginners_ series by the Ishi Press. Almost any game store
should be able to access it.
FILES
go.doc this file
~/.go_strength a file kept in your home directory keeping
your ranks and wins.
go.players a file set up by users to tell other players
who they are.
BUGS
Send bugs to "...!ucbvax!cory!hale" or "hale@cory.Berkeley.EDU"
AUTHOR
Greg Hale
Sun Release 3.2 Last change: 10 February 1988 6
GO(6) GAMES AND DEMOS GO(6)
SEE ALSO
readnews rec.games.go - a newsgroup on the game
_Graded go problems for beginners, vol 1-3._, Ishi Press.
(Highly recommended.)
_In the Beginning_, Ishi Press.
_The Treasure Chest Enigma_, Ishi Press.
go.players - an optional file with players and ranks
Sun Release 3.2 Last change: 10 February 1988 7